أول
Arabic
Etymology 1
10 | ||||
← 0 | ١ 1 |
2 → | 10 → | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cardinal: وَاحِد (wāḥid) Ordinal: أَوَّل (ʔawwal) Multiplier: أُحَادِيّ (ʔuḥādiyy), مُفْرَد (mufrad), مُوَحَّد (muwaḥḥad) Distributive: أُحَادَ (ʔuḥāda), مَوْحَدَ (mawḥada), فُرَادَى (furādā), فُرَادَ (furāda) |
Root |
---|
ء و ل (ʔ-w-l) |
Adjective
أَوَّل • (ʔawwal) (feminine أُولَى (ʔūlā), common plural أَوَائِل (ʔawāʔil), masculine plural أَوَّلُون (ʔawwalūn), feminine plural أُولَيَات (ʔūlayāt) or أُوَل (ʔuwal))
Declension
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular diptote | singular invariable | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | أَوَّل ʔawwal |
الْأَوَّل al-ʔawwal |
أُولَى ʔūlā |
الْأُولَى al-ʔūlā |
Nominative | أَوَّلُ ʔawwalu |
الْأَوَّلُ al-ʔawwalu |
أُولَى ʔūlā |
الْأُولَى al-ʔūlā |
Accusative | أَوَّلَ ʔawwala |
الْأَوَّلَ al-ʔawwala |
أُولَى ʔūlā |
الْأُولَى al-ʔūlā |
Genitive | أَوَّلَ ʔawwala |
الْأَوَّلِ al-ʔawwali |
أُولَى ʔūlā |
الْأُولَى al-ʔūlā |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | أَوَّلَيْن ʔawwalayn |
الْأَوَّلَيْن al-ʔawwalayn |
أُولَيَيْن ʔūlayayn |
الْأُولَيَيْن al-ʔūlayayn |
Nominative | أَوَّلَانِ ʔawwalāni |
الْأَوَّلَانِ al-ʔawwalāni |
أُولَيَانِ ʔūlayāni |
الْأُولَيَانِ al-ʔūlayāni |
Accusative | أَوَّلَيْنِ ʔawwalayni |
الْأَوَّلَيْنِ al-ʔawwalayni |
أُولَيَيْنِ ʔūlayayni |
الْأُولَيَيْنِ al-ʔūlayayni |
Genitive | أَوَّلَيْنِ ʔawwalayni |
الْأَوَّلَيْنِ al-ʔawwalayni |
أُولَيَيْنِ ʔūlayayni |
الْأُولَيَيْنِ al-ʔūlayayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
sound masculine plural; basic broken plural diptote | sound feminine plural; basic broken plural triptote; basic broken plural diptote | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | أَوَّلِين; أَوَائِل ʔawwalīn; ʔawāʔil |
الْأَوَّلِين; الْأَوَائِل al-ʔawwalīn; al-ʔawāʔil |
أُولَيَات; أُوَل; أَوَائِل ʔūlayāt; ʔuwal; ʔawāʔil |
الْأُولَيَات; الْأُوَل; الْأَوَائِل al-ʔūlayāt; al-ʔuwal; al-ʔawāʔil |
Nominative | أَوَّلُونَ; أَوَائِلُ ʔawwalūna; ʔawāʔilu |
الْأَوَّلُونَ; الْأَوَائِلُ al-ʔawwalūna; al-ʔawāʔilu |
أُولَيَاتٌ; أُوَلٌ; أَوَائِلُ ʔūlayātun; ʔuwalun; ʔawāʔilu |
الْأُولَيَاتُ; الْأُوَلُ; الْأَوَائِلُ al-ʔūlayātu; al-ʔuwalu; al-ʔawāʔilu |
Accusative | أَوَّلِينَ; أَوَائِلَ ʔawwalīna; ʔawāʔila |
الْأَوَّلِينَ; الْأَوَائِلَ al-ʔawwalīna; al-ʔawāʔila |
أُولَيَاتٍ; أُوَلًا; أَوَائِلَ ʔūlayātin; ʔuwalan; ʔawāʔila |
الْأُولَيَاتِ; الْأُوَلَ; الْأَوَائِلَ al-ʔūlayāti; al-ʔuwala; al-ʔawāʔila |
Genitive | أَوَّلِينَ; أَوَائِلَ ʔawwalīna; ʔawāʔila |
الْأَوَّلِينَ; الْأَوَائِلِ al-ʔawwalīna; al-ʔawāʔili |
أُولَيَاتٍ; أُوَلٍ; أَوَائِلَ ʔūlayātin; ʔuwalin; ʔawāʔila |
الْأُولَيَاتِ; الْأُوَلِ; الْأَوَائِلِ al-ʔūlayāti; al-ʔuwali; al-ʔawāʔili |
Derived terms
- أَسَاطِير الْأَوَّلِينَ (ʔasāṭīr al-ʔawwalīna)
Descendants
Etymology 2
From Proto-Semitic *ʔil-, otherwise أَيْل (ʔayl), إِيل (ʔīl), إِلّ (ʔill), the most important god in the paganic pantheon—equivalent to the Sun, after which in the Western world the Sunday is named, in others. Origin from “first” above is unlikely since all other pagan weekday names are named after planets and thus indirectly gods and the other Semitic languages there employ *ʔaḥad-, which would have been retained. Lastly the Banu Bakr and Taghlib tribes actually worshiped a deity called أَوَال (ʔawāl) or أُوَال (ʔuwāl).
Declension
See also
- (Pre-Islamic days of the week) أَيَّامُ الْأُسْبُوع السَّابِقَة لِلْإِسْلَام (ʔayyāmu al-ʔusbūʕ as-sābiqa lilʔislām); أَوْل (ʔawl) ~ أَوَّل (ʔawwal), أَهْوَن (ʔahwan) ~ أَوْهَد (ʔawhad) ~ أَهْوَد (ʔahwad), جُبَار (jubār), دُبَار (dubār), مُؤْنِس (muʔnis), عَرُوبَة (ʕarūba), شِيَار (šiyār) (Category: ar:Days of the week)
References
- Fischer, August (1896) “Die altarabischen Namen der sieben Wochentage”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 50, page 224
- Hommel, Fritz (1893) Süd-Arabische Chrestomathie. Minäo-sabäische Grammatik. – Bibliographie. – Minäische Inschriften nebst Glossar (in German), München: G. Franz’sche Hofbuchhandlung, page 57
- Rotter, Gernot (1993) “Der dies veneris im vorislamischen Mekka, eine neue Deutung des Namens „Europa“ und eine Erklärung für kobar = Venus”, in Der Islam (in German), volume 70, number 1, , pages 116–118
- Wellhausen, Julius (1897) Reste arabischen Heidentumes (in German), Berlin: Georg Reimer, page 64
- Yāqūt al-Ḥamawīy (a. 1229) Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, editor, كتاب معجم البلدان [kitāb muʿjam al-buldān] (in Arabic), volume 1, Leipzig: F.A. Brockhaus, published 1866, page 395
Etymology 3
Root |
---|
ء و ل (ʔ-w-l) |
Causative to آلَ (ʔāla, “to return”), semantically like German zurückführen, and parallelling Arabic عَبَّرَ (ʕabbara, “to get across”).
Verb
أَوَّلَ • (ʔawwala) II, non-past يُؤَوِّلُ (yuʔawwilu)
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taʔwīl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُؤَوِّل muʔawwil | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُؤَوَّل muʔawwal | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʔawwaltu |
ʔawwalta |
ʔawwala |
أَوَّلْتُمَا ʔawwaltumā |
ʔawwalā |
ʔawwalnā |
ʔawwaltum |
ʔawwalū | |||
f | ʔawwalti |
ʔawwalat |
أَوَّلَتَا ʔawwalatā |
ʔawwaltunna |
ʔawwalna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuʔawwilu |
tuʔawwilu |
yuʔawwilu |
تُؤَوِّلَانِ tuʔawwilāni |
يُؤَوِّلَانِ yuʔawwilāni |
nuʔawwilu |
tuʔawwilūna |
yuʔawwilūna | |||
f | tuʔawwilīna |
tuʔawwilu |
تُؤَوِّلَانِ tuʔawwilāni |
tuʔawwilna |
yuʔawwilna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuʔawwila |
tuʔawwila |
yuʔawwila |
تُؤَوِّلَا tuʔawwilā |
يُؤَوِّلَا yuʔawwilā |
nuʔawwila |
tuʔawwilū |
yuʔawwilū | |||
f | tuʔawwilī |
tuʔawwila |
تُؤَوِّلَا tuʔawwilā |
tuʔawwilna |
yuʔawwilna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuʔawwil |
tuʔawwil |
yuʔawwil |
تُؤَوِّلَا tuʔawwilā |
يُؤَوِّلَا yuʔawwilā |
nuʔawwil |
tuʔawwilū |
yuʔawwilū | |||
f | tuʔawwilī |
tuʔawwil |
تُؤَوِّلَا tuʔawwilā |
tuʔawwilna |
yuʔawwilna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ʔawwil |
ʔawwilā |
ʔawwilū |
||||||||
f | ʔawwilī |
ʔawwilna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʔuwwiltu |
ʔuwwilta |
ʔuwwila |
أُوِّلْتُمَا ʔuwwiltumā |
ʔuwwilā |
ʔuwwilnā |
ʔuwwiltum |
ʔuwwilū | |||
f | ʔuwwilti |
ʔuwwilat |
أُوِّلَتَا ʔuwwilatā |
ʔuwwiltunna |
ʔuwwilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuʔawwalu |
tuʔawwalu |
yuʔawwalu |
تُؤَوَّلَانِ tuʔawwalāni |
يُؤَوَّلَانِ yuʔawwalāni |
nuʔawwalu |
tuʔawwalūna |
yuʔawwalūna | |||
f | tuʔawwalīna |
tuʔawwalu |
تُؤَوَّلَانِ tuʔawwalāni |
tuʔawwalna |
yuʔawwalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuʔawwala |
tuʔawwala |
yuʔawwala |
تُؤَوَّلَا tuʔawwalā |
يُؤَوَّلَا yuʔawwalā |
nuʔawwala |
tuʔawwalū |
yuʔawwalū | |||
f | tuʔawwalī |
tuʔawwala |
تُؤَوَّلَا tuʔawwalā |
tuʔawwalna |
yuʔawwalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuʔawwal |
tuʔawwal |
yuʔawwal |
تُؤَوَّلَا tuʔawwalā |
يُؤَوَّلَا yuʔawwalā |
nuʔawwal |
tuʔawwalū |
yuʔawwalū | |||
f | tuʔawwalī |
tuʔawwal |
تُؤَوَّلَا tuʔawwalā |
tuʔawwalna |
yuʔawwalna |
Verb
أَوْلِ • (ʔawli) (form IV)
- second-person masculine singular active imperative of أَوْلَى (ʔawlā)
Egyptian Arabic
10 | ||||
1 | 2 → | 10 → | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Cardinal: واحد Ordinal: أول |
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʔæˈwːɪl/
Moroccan Arabic
10 | ||||
1 | 2 → [a], [b], [c] | 10 → | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Cardinal: واحد Ordinal: أول |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʔaw.wal/
South Levantine Arabic
Root |
---|
ء و ل |
3 terms |
10 | ||||
١ 1 |
2 → | 10 → | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Cardinal: واحد Ordinal: أول |
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʔaw.wal/, [ˈʔaw.wal]
Audio (Ramallah) (file)
Adjective
أول • (ʔawwal) (feminine أولى (ʔūla), common plural أوائل (ʔawāʔel) or أولى (ʔuwala))
- first
- Antonym: آخر (ʔāḵer)
- (+ ما) as soon as
Usage notes
Derived terms
- أوّلا (ʔawwalan, “firstly, first of all”)