ձագ

From Old Armenian ձագ (jag).

• (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA^(key): [d͡zɑkʰ]
• (Western Armenian, standard) IPA^(key): [t͡sʰɑkʰ]

• Audio (Eastern Armenian)

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ձագ • (jag)

1. the young of any animal, baby animal, especially the young of a bird
2. (figurative, endearing) human baby
3. swarm of bees that leaves the hive to form a new family

   ձագուց մեղր, ձագոց մեղր ― jagucʻ meġr, jagocʻ meġr ― honey produced by this young hive, which is highly valued

• (diminutives) ձագուկ (jaguk)

• Malxaseancʻ, Stepʻan (1944–1945) “ձագ”, in Hayerēn bacʻatrakan baṙaran [Armenian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: State Publishing House

Connected with Albanian zog, perhaps also Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (zhk'), 𐫉𐫍𐫃 (zhg /⁠zahag⁠/, “offspring, child”), Parthian 𐫉𐫍𐫃 (zhg /⁠zahag⁠/, “offspring, child”), Persian زه (zah, “offspring of men or of cattle”), زاق (zâq, “the young of anything”), Pashto [script needed] (zag), Sogdian [script needed] (zʾk /⁠zāk⁠/, “child”), which go back to Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰāgʷʰ- (Pokorny, Ačaṙean, J̌ahukyan) or *ǵʰāgʰu- (Olsen).

According to Hübschmann (followed by Pokorny), Armenian is borrowed from Iranian, but in that case *զագ (*zag) was expected, as is pointed out by J̌ahukyan and Olsen.

Georgian ზაქი (zaki, “buffalo calf”) and Classical Syriac ܙܓܐ (zagā, “chicken”) are borrowed from Iranian.

ձագ • (jag)

1. youngling, nestling

   Synonym: կոտիկ (kotik)

   • 5th century, with changes and additions in later centuries, Baroyaxōs [Physiologus] Earliest recension (TR).7.2–3:[1]

     Բարուախաւսն ասէ զհաւալուսն, թէ կարի որդեսէր է․ եւ յորժամ հանէ զձագսն, եւ սակաւիկ մի աճեն, ապտակեն զերեսս հաւրն եւ մաւրն։

     Baruaxawsn asē zhawalusn, tʻē kari ordesēr ē; ew yoržam hanē zjagsn, ew sakawik mi ačen, aptaken zeress hawrn ew mawrn.

     • Translation by Gohar Muradyan

       Physiologus says about the pelican that it is an extraordinary lover of its young. And when it brings forth nestlings and they grow a bit, they slap their father and mother on the face.

2. little bird, sparrow

• Armenian: ձագ (jag)
  • Kurdish:

    → Northern Kurdish: sak

  • → Cappadocian Greek: ζάκα (záka)

• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1977) “ձագ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, pages 141–142
• Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1837) “ձագ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 144b
• Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 185
• J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎ (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 127
• J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “ձագ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 473a
• Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 428
• Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 110–111
• Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “ձագ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 424b
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 409, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 409