ят

See also: ат and -ат

Bashkir

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *yāt (alien, foreign, unfamiliar).

Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (jat, alien, foreign), Kazakh жат (jat), Southern Altai јат (ǰat), Uzbek yot (alien, foreign).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [jɑt]
  • Hyphenation: ят (one syllable)

Adjective

ят • (yat)

  1. alien, strange, foreign (not recognized as familiar, a friend or part of one's community)
  2. unfamiliar
    Ә бына шәхси ҡунаҡхана асыу — уныһы инде беҙҙең өсөн бөтөнләй ят күренеш.
    Ə bına şəxsi qunaqxana asıw — unıhı inde beźźeñ ösön bötönləy yat küreneş.
    However, to open up a private hotel is a phenomenon completely unfamiliar to us.

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Old Church Slavonic ѣть (ětĭ).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ja̟t]
  • Homophone: яд (jad)

Noun

ят • (jat) m (relational adjective я́тов)

  1. (linguistics) Yat: a former letter of the Bulgarian alphabet, representing a sound between [æ] and [ɛ] and written as Ѣ/ѣ.
    Synonym: е дво́йно (e dvójno)
    Ят е стара буква в българския език и вече не се ползва в новия правопис.
    Jat e stara bukva v bǎlgarskija ezik i veče ne se polzva v novija pravopis.
    Yat is an old letter of the Bulgarian language and is no longer used in the new orthography.

Usage notes

  • Its pronunciation in modern Bulgarian varies between that of я (ja) and е (e), e.g. млѣко (mlěko) is realized either as мляко (mljako) or млеко (mleko).
  • The pronunciation of yat forms a major isogloss between Western and Eastern varieties of Bulgarian: in Western ones, it came to be pronounced as е (e), whereas in Eastern ones, as я (ja). Standard Bulgarian incorporates a mixture of both pronunciations in words that feature it.
  • In Standard Bulgarian, words that historically had yat in their root are pronounced using я (ja) in their lemma form, but using е (e) in plural forms: for instance, млѣко (mlěko) is rendered as мляко (mljako) in the singular, but млека́ (mleká) in the plural.

Declension

See also

References

  • ят”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
  • ят”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
  • ят”, in Български тълковен речник [Bulgarian Explanatory Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), fourth edition, Sofia: Nauka i Izkustvo, 2005, page 1093

Chuvash

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *āt.

Noun

ят • (jat) (plural ятсем) 

  1. name
    эсӗ мӗн ятлӑes̬ĕ mĕn jatwhat is your name?

Further reading

  • ят”, in Электронлă сăмахсар (overall work in Russian and Chuvash), 1996.

Erzya

Etymology

Borrowed from Tatar ят (yat, alien, foreign).

Noun

ят • (jat)

  1. enemy
    Synonyms: душман (dušman), вардо (vardo)
  2. alien, stranger

Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Adjective

ят • (jat)

  1. alien, strange

References

  • B. A. Serebrennikov, R. N. Buzakova, M. V. Mosin (1993) “ят”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
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