небо
Macedonian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nebo, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *néba, from Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈnɛbɔ]
Audio (file)
Old Church Slavonic
Alternative forms
- Glagolitic: ⱀⰵⰱⱁ (nebo)
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *nȅbo, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *néba, from Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos.
Declension
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | небо nebo |
небесѣ nebesě |
небеса nebesa |
genitive | небесе nebese |
небесоу nebesu |
небесъ nebesŭ |
dative | небеси nebesi |
небесьма nebesĭma |
небесьмъ nebesĭmŭ |
accusative | небо nebo |
небесѣ nebesě |
небеса nebesa |
instrumental | небесьмь nebesĭmĭ |
небесьма nebesĭma |
небесꙑ nebesy |
locative | небесе nebese |
небесоу nebesu |
небесьхъ nebesĭxŭ |
vocative | небо nebo |
небесѣ nebesě |
небеса nebesa |
References
- Cejtlin, R.M.; Večerka, R.; Blagova, E., editors (1994), “небо”, in Staroslavjanskij slovarʹ (po rukopisjam X—XI vekov) [Old Church Slavonic Dictionary (Based on 10–11th Century Manuscripts)], Moscow: Russkij jazyk
- Hauptova Z., editor (1958–1997), “небо”, in Slovník jazyka staroslověnského (Lexicon linguae palaeoslovenicae), Prague: Euroslavica
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN
- Halla-aho, Jussi (2006) Problems of Proto-Slavic Historical Nominal Morphology: On the Basis of Old Church Slavic (Slavica Helsingiensia; 26), Helsinki: University of Helsinki
Old East Slavic

Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *nȅbo, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *néba, from Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos.
Pronunciation
Declension
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | небо nebo |
небесѣ nebesě |
небеса nebesa |
Genitive | небесе nebese |
небесу nebesu |
небесъ nebesŭ |
Dative | небеси nebesi |
небесьма nebesĭma |
небесьмъ nebesĭmŭ |
Accusative | небо nebo |
небесѣ nebesě |
небеса nebesa |
Instrumental | небесьмь nebesĭmĭ |
небесьма nebesĭma |
небесꙑ nebesy |
Locative | небеси, небесе nebesi, nebese |
небесу nebesu |
небесьхъ nebesĭxŭ |
Vocative | небо nebo |
небесѣ nebesě |
небеса nebesa |
Descendants
References
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1902) “небо”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments] (in Russian), volumes 2 (Л – П), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 357
Russian
Etymology
Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic небо (nebo), from Proto-Slavic *nebo. Doublet of нёбо (njóbo), the inherited East Slavic form.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈnʲebə]
Audio (file)
Noun
не́бо • (nébo) n inan (genitive не́ба, nominative plural небеса́, genitive plural небе́с, relational adjective небе́сный)
- sky
- heaven, firmament
- О́тче наш, су́щий на небеса́х! ― Ótče naš, súščij na nebesáx! ― Our Father, who art in heaven!
- ме́жду не́бом и землёй ― méždu nébom i zemljój ― between heaven and earth; in an uncertain situation
- как не́бо и земля́ / отлича́ться как не́бо от земли́ ― kak nébo i zemljá / otličátʹsja kak nébo ot zemlí ― worlds apart; like night and day
- быть на седьмо́м не́бе ― bytʹ na sedʹmóm nébe ― to be in seventh heaven
- превозноси́ть до небе́с ― prevoznosítʹ do nebés ― to praise to the skies; to lavish praise on (+ accusative case)
- попа́сть па́льцем в не́бо ― popástʹ pálʹcem v nébo ― to be wide of the mark
- air
- под откры́тым не́бом ― pod otkrýtym nébom ― in the open (air); under the open sky
- с не́ба свали́ться ― s néba svalítʹsja ― to appear out of the blue
Declension
Derived terms
- небе́сный (nebésnyj)
- небожи́тель (nebožítelʹ)
- небосво́д (nebosvód)
- небоскло́н (nebosklón)
- Поднебе́сная f (Podnebésnaja)
See also
- нёбо (njóbo)
References
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “небо”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nebo, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *néba, from Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos.
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | нȅбо | небèса |
genitive | нȅба | небéсā |
dative | нȅбу | небèсима |
accusative | нȅбо | небèса |
vocative | нȅбо | небèса |
locative | нȅбу | небèсима |
instrumental | нȅбом | небèсима |
Derived terms
Ukrainian
Etymology
From Old Ukrainian небо (nebo), from Old East Slavic небо (nebo), from Proto-Slavic *nebo, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *néba, from Proto-Indo-European *nébʰos.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈnɛbɔ]
Audio (file)
Usage notes
- The plural is used mostly in poetry and high-register literature and is not used at all in common speech.
Declension
Further reading
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “небо”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2010–2023), “небо”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 1–14 (а – префере́нція), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka; Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
- “небо”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
- “небо”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)