лежа
See also: лёжа
Bulgarian
Alternative forms
- лежѫ (ležǫ) (Pre-reform orthography (1899)) (lemma)
Etymology
Inherited from Old Church Slavonic лежати (ležati),from Proto-Slavic *ležati.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [lɛˈʒɤ̟] (lemma)
- IPA(key): [lɛˈʒa̟] (aorist)
Verb
лежа́ • (ležá) first-singular present indicative, impf
- (intransitive, stative) to lie
- to be or to stay at rest in a horizontal position
- Книгата лежи на масата. ― Knigata leži na masata. ― The book is lying on the table.
- to underlie
- лежа в основата на ― leža v osnovata na ― to lie at the root of
- to lie sick, to be laid up (to be sick in bed)
- (of birds) to lie on eggs (in order to keep them warm), to incubate
- to be or to stay at rest in a horizontal position
- (intransitive, iterative) to repose, to be situated
- to remain poised or stationary in the air, to hang
- Гъста мъгла лежи над клисурата.
- Gǎsta mǎgla leži nad klisurata.
- А heavy fog is hanging over the gorge.
- to lie idle, to be idle, to remain idle, to do noting
- Synonyms: мързелувам (mǎrzeluvam), безделнича (bezdelniča), бездействам (bezdejstvam)
- (figurative) to serve a term in prison, to do time
- лежах X години в затвора ― ležah X godini v zatvora ― to had served X years in prison
- to remain poised or stationary in the air, to hang
Conjugation
Conjugation of лежа́ (conjugation 2.3, imperfective, intransitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | лежа́щ, леже́щ1 ležášt, ležéšt1 |
лежа́л ležál |
лежа́л, леже́л1 ležál, ležél1 |
— | леже́йки ležéjki | |
| definite subject form | лежа́щият, леже́щият1 ležáštijat, ležéštijat1 |
лежа́лият ležálijat |
— | — | |||
| definite object form | лежа́щия, леже́щия1 ležáštija, ležéštija1 |
лежа́лия ležálija |
— | — | |||
| feminine | indefinite | лежа́ща, леже́ща1 ležášta, ležéšta1 |
лежа́ла ležála |
лежа́ла, леже́ла1 ležála, ležéla1 |
— | ||
| definite | лежа́щата, леже́щата1 ležáštata, ležéštata1 |
лежа́лата ležálata |
— | — | |||
| neuter | indefinite | лежа́що, леже́що1 ležášto, ležéšto1 |
лежа́ло ležálo |
лежа́ло, леже́ло1 ležálo, ležélo1 |
— | лежа́не ležáne | |
| definite | лежа́щото, леже́щото1 ležáštoto, ležéštoto1 |
лежа́лото ležáloto |
— | — | лежа́нето ležáneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | лежа́щи, леже́щи1 ležášti, ležéšti1 |
лежа́ли ležáli |
лежа́ли, леже́ли1 ležáli, ležéli1 |
— | лежа́ния, лежа́нета ležánija, ležáneta | |
| definite | лежа́щите, леже́щите1 ležáštite, ležéštite1 |
лежа́лите ležálite |
— | — | лежа́нията, лежа́нетата ležánijata, ležánetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | лежа́ ležá |
лежи́ш ležíš |
лежи́ leží |
лежи́м ležím |
лежи́те ležíte |
лежа́т ležát | |
| imperfect | лежа́х, леже́х1 ležáh, ležéh1 |
леже́ше ležéše |
леже́ше ležéše |
лежа́хме, леже́хме1 ležáhme, ležéhme1 |
лежа́хте, леже́хте1 ležáhte, ležéhte1 |
лежа́ха, леже́ха1 ležáha, ležéha1 | |
| aorist | лежа́х ležáh |
лежа́ ležá |
лежа́ ležá |
лежа́хме ležáhme |
лежа́хте ležáhte |
лежа́ха ležáha | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and лежа́л/леже́л1 m, лежа́ла/леже́ла1 f, лежа́ло/леже́ло1 n, or лежа́ли/леже́ли1 pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and лежа́л/леже́л1 m, лежа́ла/леже́ла1 f, лежа́ло/леже́ло1 n, or лежа́ли/леже́ли1 pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and лежа́л/леже́л1 m, лежа́ла/леже́ла1 f, лежа́ло/леже́ло1 n, or лежа́ли/леже́ли1 pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and лежа́л m, лежа́ла f, лежа́ло n, or лежа́ли pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| лежи́ leží |
леже́те ležéte |
||||||
1Largely fallen into disuse.
Derived terms
verbs
- долежа pf (doleža), долежавам impf (doležavam)
- залежа pf (zaleža), залежавам impf (zaležavam)
- излежа pf (izleža), излежавам impf (izležavam)
- належа се pf (naleža se), належавам се impf (naležavam se)
- олежа се pf (oleža se), олежавам се impf (oležavam se)
- отлежа pf (otleža), отлежавам impf (otležavam)
- полежа pf (poleža), полежавам impf (poležavam)
- прележа pf (preleža), прележавам impf (preležavam)
- пролежа pf (proleža), пролежавам impf (proležavam)
- разлежа се pf (razleža se), разлежавам се impf (razležavam se)
nouns
adjectives
- ле́жавш (léžavš) (obsolete)
- ле́жен (léžen) (dialectal)
Related terms
Verb
лежа́ • (ležá)
References
- “лежа”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “лежа”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Nayden Gerov (1899) “лѣжѭ́, -ишь; -жꙗ́лъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 30
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “лежа”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 346
- “лежати”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2024
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