лам

Bulgarian

Etymology

Uncertain. Either a long grade of Bulgarian лом (lom, “fracture, cleft”) or from Proto-Balto-Slavic *lṓˀmas, cognate with Lithuanian lúomas (“fraction, caste, estate”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɫam]
Audio (file)

Noun

лам • (lam) m

(dialectal, colloquial) hole, chasm, fault (geological formation)
Synonyms: я́ма (jáma), трап (trap), ду́па (dúpa), разло́м (razlóm)

Declension

Declension of лам

	singular	plural
indefinite	лам lam	ла́мове, ла́мища lámove, lámišta
definite (subject form)	ла́мът lámǎt	ла́мовете, ла́мищата lámovete, lámištata
definite (object form)	ла́ма láma	ла́мовете, ла́мищата lámovete, lámištata
count form	—	ла́ма láma

Related terms

ло́мя (lómja, “to fracture, to spall”) (possibly)

References

“лам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “лам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 287

Chechen

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Nakh *laam.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈlaːm/

Noun

ла̄м • (laam) class bd (plural лаьмнаш)

mountain

References

Nichols, Johanna, Vagapov, Arbi (2004) “лам”, in Chechen–English and English–Chechen Dictionary, London and New York: RoutledgeCurzon, page 150

Kalmyk

Cyrillic	Clear Script
лам (lam)	ᡋᠯᠠᡏᠠ(blama)

Etymology

From Tibetan བླ་མ (bla ma).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /laˈmə/

Noun

лам • (lam) (plural ламнр)

lama

Lezgi

Etymology

Akin to Budukh лем (lem).

Noun

лам • (lam)

donkey, ass

Mongolian

Mongolian	Cyrillic
ᠯᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ (lam-a)	лам (lam)

Etymology

Inherited from Classical Mongolian ᠯᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ (lam-a), ᠪᠯᠠᠮ᠎ᠠ (blam-a), from Classical Tibetan བླ་མ (bla ma).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɮäm]

Hyphenation: лам

Noun

лам • (lam) (definite plural лам нар); (regular declension)

lama
Далай лам ― Dalaj lam ― the Dalai Lama

Declension

Declension of лам (а-harmonic regular ууд-pl)

	singular / indefinite	definite plural
attributive	лам lam
nominative	лам lam	ламууд lamuud
genitive	ламын lamyn	ламуудын lamuudyn
accusative	ламыг lamyg	ламуудыг lamuudyg
dative-locative	ламд lamd	ламуудад lamuudad
ablative	ламаас lamaas	ламуудаас lamuudaas
instrumental	ламаар lamaar	ламуудаар lamuudaar
comitative	ламтай lamtaj	ламуудтай lamuudtaj
privative	ламгүй lamgüj	ламуудгүй lamuudgüj
directive	лам руу lam ruu	ламууд руу lamuud ruu

Reflexive possessive forms

	singular / indefinite	definite plural
nominative	ламаа lamaa	ламуудаа lamuudaa
genitive	ламынхаа lamynxaa	ламуудынхаа lamuudynxaa
accusative	ламыгаа lamygaa	ламуудыгаа lamuudygaa
dative-locative	ламдаа lamdaa	ламууддаа lamuuddaa
ablative	ламаасаа lamaasaa	ламуудаасаа lamuudaasaa
instrumental	ламаараа lamaaraa	ламуудаараа lamuudaaraa
comitative	ламтайгаа lamtajgaa	ламуудтайгаа lamuudtajgaa
privative	ламгүйгээ lamgüjgee	ламуудгүйгээ lamuudgüjgee
directive	лам руугаа lam ruugaa	ламууд руугаа lamuud ruugaa

independent genitive	singular / indefinite	definite plural
singular possession	ламынх lamynx	ламуудынх lamuudynx
collective possession	ламынхан lamynxan	ламуудынхан lamuudynxan

Derived terms

даа лам (daa lam)
Далай лам (Dalaj lam)
засаг даа лам (zasag daa lam)
засаг лам (zasag lam)

Russian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɫam]
Audio (file)

Noun

лам • (lam) f anim pl or m anim pl

genitive/accusative plural of ла́ма (láma)

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