кучма
Ukrainian
Etymology
Related to Old East Slavic кꙋчма (kučma), Russian ку́чма (kúčma), Belarusian ку́чма (kúčma), Polish kuczma, Czech kučma, Slovak kučma, Serbo-Croatian ку̑чма / kȗčma, Slovene kúčma, Bulgarian ку́чма (kúčma), кушма́ (kušmá), and probably inherited from Proto-Slavic *kučьma, which is related to Proto-Slavic *kukъma (whence Serbo-Croatian kȕkma (“crest, tuft”)), *kuča, *kučerъ (whence Ukrainian ку́чері (kúčeri, “curled hair”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kewk- (“to bend”).
A borrowing from Hungarian kucsma has also been proposed, but the Hungarian word is attested since 1682 only and more likely is itself a Slavic borrowing. Other borrowings from Slavic languages include Romanian cúșmă, cúcimă, Moldovan ку́чмэ (cúcimă), Yiddish קוטשמע (kutshme).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkut͡ʃmɐ]
Noun
ку́чма • (kúčma) f inan (genitive ку́чми, nominative plural ку́чми, genitive plural ку́чем)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | ку́чма kúčma |
ку́чми kúčmy |
| genitive | ку́чми kúčmy |
ку́чем kúčem |
| dative | ку́чмі kúčmi |
ку́чмам kúčmam |
| accusative | ку́чму kúčmu |
ку́чми kúčmy |
| instrumental | ку́чмою kúčmoju |
ку́чмами kúčmamy |
| locative | ку́чмі kúčmi |
ку́чмах kúčmax |
| vocative | ку́чмо kúčmo |
ку́чми kúčmy |
Synonyms
- кучо́мка (kučómka)
References
- Berneker, Erich (1908–1913) Slavisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter's Universitätsbuchhandlung, page 637
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “кучма”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кучма”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 172
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “кушма”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 176
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “кучма”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, pages 168–169
- Skok, Petar (1972) “kučma”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 2 (K – poni¹), Zagreb: JAZU, page 220