кофе
Mongolian
Mongolian | Cyrillic |
---|---|
ᠺᠣᠹᠧ (kofē) | кофе (kofe) |
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian ко́фе m inan sg (kófe, “coffee”), from Italian caffè m sg (“coffee”), from Ottoman Turkish قَهْوَه sg (qahvah /qahvä/, “coffee”), from Arabic قَهْوَةٌ f sg (qahwatun, “coffee”). Doublet of кафе (kafe, “a café”).
Pronunciation
- (Khalkh, Mongolia) IPA(key): [kʰɔˑ.feˑ]
- Hyphenation: ко‧фе
Declension
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Russian
Alternative forms
Etymology
First attested in late 17th[1] or early 18th[2][3] century. Borrowed from a West Germanic language, either English coffee,[2] German Koffee,[4] or directly from Dutch koffie,[2][3][4][5] Ultimately from Italian caffè, from Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa).[2][3][4]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkofʲe]
Audio (file)
Noun
ко́фе • (kófe) m inan or n inan (indeclinable, relational adjective кофе́йный, diminutive кофеёк or кофеёчек)
- coffee (in the form of a beverage)
- чёрный ко́фе ― čórnyj kófe ― black coffee
- ко́фе с молоко́м ― kófe s molokóm ― milk coffee / white coffee
- кре́пкий ко́фе ― krépkij kófe ― strong coffee
- ча́шка ко́фе ― čáška kófe ― a cup of coffee
- coffee (in the form of beans)
- ко́фе в зёрнах ― kófe v zjórnax ― whole-bean coffee
- мо́лотый ко́фе ― mólotyj kófe ― ground coffee
- раствори́мый ко́фе ― rastvorímyj kófe ― instant coffee
- ко́фе без кофеи́на ― kófe bez kofeína ― decaf
Usage notes
- The word ко́фе used to be prescriptively masculine (after earlier ко́фий (kófij)), although informally treated as neuter: “горя́чее ко́фе”. Since September 2009 it is officially accepted to be used as either masculine or neuter, the latter usage, however, still remains controversial.
- Since the lack of declension may be inconvenient for some people, the diminutive forms of ко́фе, кофеёк (kofejók) or the dated form ко́фий (kófij), are occasionally used. Some ostensible case inflections are more common than others, e.g. the instrumental form ко́фем, but such inflected forms are non-standard and rarely used even in informal speech.
Derived terms
- кофе́йник (koféjnik)
- кофе́йничать (koféjničatʹ)
- кофе́йный (koféjnyj)
- кофе́йня (koféjnja)
- кофева́рка (kofevárka)
- кофеёк (kofejók)
- кофемо́лка (kofemólka)
Related terms
- кафе́ (kafɛ́)
Descendants
References
- Sorokin, Yury S., editor (1998), “кофе”, in Словарь русского языка XVIII века [Dictionary of the Russian Language 18th century] (in Russian), volume 10, Saint Petersburg: Nauka, page 210
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кофе”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “кофе”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 436
- Preobrazhensky, A. G. (1910–1949) “кофе”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow, Leningrad: G. Lissner & D. Sobko Publishing House, Academy of Sciences of the USSR
- кофе in Большой толковый словарь, editor-in-chief С. А. Кузнецов – hosted at gramota.ru
Ukrainian
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian ко́фе (kófe), from Dutch koffie or English coffee.[1] Doublet of ка́ва (káva).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkɔfe]
Audio (file)
Noun
ко́фе • (kófe) n inan (indeclinable, relational adjective кофе́йний)
Derived terms
- кофе́йник m (koféjnyk)
- кофе́йниця f (koféjnycja)
Related terms
- ко́фій m (kófij) (colloquial, dated)
- кофеї́н m (kofejín)
References
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “кофе”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
Further reading
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “кофе”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Shyrokov, V. A., editor (2016), “кофе”, in Словник української мови: у 20 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 20 vols] (in Ukrainian), volumes 7 (кварта́л – кя́хтинський), Kyiv: Ukrainian Lingua-Information Fund, →ISBN
- “кофе”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)