σῖγμα
See also: σίγμα
Ancient Greek
| previous letter ῥῶ |
   |
following letter ταῦ |
| Σ σ ς – English: sigma | ||
Alternative forms
- σῑ́γμᾰ (sī́gma)
Etymology
Borrowing from Phoenician 𐤔 (š /šīn/) doubtful at best. Name agreed to be from σῐ́ζω (sízō, “to hiss”) + -μᾰ (-ma, nominal suffix).[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /sîːŋ.ma/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈsiɡ.ma/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈsiɣ.ma/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈsiɣ.ma/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈsiɣ.ma/
Noun
σῖγμᾰ • (sîgma) n (genitive σῑ́γμᾰτος); third declension
- sigma, the name for the eighteenth letter Σ, σ of the Ancient Greek alphabet.
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ σῖγμᾰ tò sîgma |
τὼ σῑ́γμᾰτε tṑ sī́gmate |
τᾰ̀ σῑ́γμᾰτᾰ tà sī́gmata | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ σῑ́γμᾰτος toû sī́gmatos |
τοῖν σῑγμᾰ́τοιν toîn sīgmátoin |
τῶν σῑγμᾰ́των tôn sīgmátōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ σῑ́γμᾰτῐ tôi sī́gmati |
τοῖν σῑγμᾰ́τοιν toîn sīgmátoin |
τοῖς σῑ́γμᾰσῐ / σῑ́γμᾰσῐν toîs sī́gmasi(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ σῖγμᾰ tò sîgma |
τὼ σῑ́γμᾰτε tṑ sī́gmate |
τᾰ̀ σῑ́γμᾰτᾰ tà sī́gmata | ||||||||||
| Vocative | σῖγμᾰ sîgma |
σῑ́γμᾰτε sī́gmate |
σῑ́γμᾰτᾰ sī́gmata | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- σῑγμοειδής (sīgmoeidḗs)
- σῑγμᾰτῐ́ζω (sīgmatízō)
- φῐλοσῑ́γμᾰτος (philosī́gmatos)
- ᾰ̓ντῐ́σῑγμᾰ (antísīgma)
- ᾰ̓́σῑγμος (ásīgmos)
Related terms
- ἐπῐ́σῑγμᾰ (epísīgma)
- σῑγμός (sīgmós)
References
- “σίγμα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1328
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