πρύτανις
Ancient Greek
Etymology
In view of the close resemblance to Etruscan 𐌐𐌖𐌓𐌈𐌍𐌄 (purθne, “title of an official”), this word probably belongs to the Anatolian-Aegean stratum of social designations (compare ἄναξ (ánax), βασιλεύς (basileús) and τύραννος (túrannos)); attested with a Hittite suffix -uri (meaning “great, grand” in titles like in grand vizier) in an Ugaritic text as [Cuneiform needed] (ḫupurtanuri), likely passed as *οπορτανις (*oportanis) / *οπυρτανις (*opurtanis) and clipped with the first syllable interpreted as the Greek article and then modified by secondary association with πρό (pró, “before”).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /prý.ta.nis/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈpry.ta.nis/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈpry.ta.nis/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈpry.ta.nis/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈpri.ta.nis/
Noun
πρῠ́τᾰνῐς • (prútanis) m (genitive πρῠτᾰ́νεως); third declension
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ὁ πρῠ́τᾰνῐς ho prútanis |
τὼ πρῠτᾰ́νει tṑ prutánei |
οἱ πρῠτᾰ́νεις hoi prutáneis | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ πρῠτᾰ́νεως toû prutáneōs |
τοῖν πρῠτᾰνέοιν toîn prutanéoin |
τῶν πρῠτᾰ́νεων tôn prutáneōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ πρῠτᾰ́νει tôi prutánei |
τοῖν πρῠτᾰνέοιν toîn prutanéoin |
τοῖς πρῠτᾰ́νεσῐ / πρῠτᾰ́νεσῐν toîs prutánesi(n) | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸν πρῠ́τᾰνῐν tòn prútanin |
τὼ πρῠτᾰ́νει tṑ prutánei |
τοὺς πρῠτᾰ́νεις toùs prutáneis | ||||||||||
| Vocative | πρῠ́τᾰνῐ prútani |
πρῠτᾰ́νει prutánei |
πρῠτᾰ́νεις prutáneis | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἀρχῐπρῠ́τᾰνῐς (arkhiprútanis)
- πρυτανάρχης (prutanárkhēs)
- πρυτανεία (prutaneía)
- πρυτανεῖον (prutaneîon)
- πρυτάνειος (prutáneios)
- πρυτάνευμα (prutáneuma)
- πρυτανεύς (prutaneús)
- πρυτανεύω (prutaneúō)
- πρυτανικός (prutanikós)
- πρυτανῖτις (prutanîtis)
Descendants
- → English: prytanis
Further reading
- “πρύτανις”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “πρύτανις”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- πρύτανις in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Szemerényi, Oswald (1974) “The origins of the Greek lexicon: Ex Oriente Lux”, in The Journal of Hellenic Studies, volume 94, , page 154 with more references
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