μύρτος
Ancient Greek
Etymology
Akin to Avestan 𐬨𐬎𐬱𐬙𐬆𐬨𐬆𐬱𐬀 (muštəməša), Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (mwlt'), Parthian 𐫖𐫇𐫇𐫡𐫅 (mwwrd), Persian مورد (murd), Old Armenian մուրտ (murt), Old Georgian მურტი (murṭi, “myrtle”). Due to the variation μυρτ-/μυρσ-, Beekes opts for a Pre-Greek borrowing.
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /mýr.tos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈmyr.tos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈmyr.tos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈmyr.tos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈmir.tos/
Noun
μύρτος • (múrtos) f (genitive μύρτου); second declension
- myrtle (Myrtus communis)
- twig or spray of myrtle
Inflection
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ μῠ́ρτος hē múrtos |
τὼ μῠ́ρτω tṑ múrtō |
αἱ μῠ́ρτοι hai múrtoi | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς μῠ́ρτου tês múrtou |
τοῖν μῠ́ρτοιν toîn múrtoin |
τῶν μῠ́ρτων tôn múrtōn | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ μῠ́ρτῳ têi múrtōi |
τοῖν μῠ́ρτοιν toîn múrtoin |
ταῖς μῠ́ρτοις taîs múrtois | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν μῠ́ρτον tḕn múrton |
τὼ μῠ́ρτω tṑ múrtō |
τᾱ̀ς μῠ́ρτους tā̀s múrtous | ||||||||||
| Vocative | μῠ́ρτε múrte |
μῠ́ρτω múrtō |
μῠ́ρτοι múrtoi | ||||||||||
| Notes: |
| ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἱερόμυρτος (hierómurtos)
- μυρσεών (murseṓn)
- μυρσίνη (mursínē)
- μυρσινίτης (mursinítēs)
- μύρσινος (múrsinos)
- μυρταλίς (murtalís)
- μυρτάς (murtás)
- μυρτίδανον (murtídanon)
- μυρτίλωψ (murtílōps)
- μυρτίς (murtís)
- μύρτον (múrton)
- μυρτοπέταλον (murtopétalon)
- μυρτόσπληνον (murtósplēnon)
- μυρτωτή (murtōtḗ)
Descendants
- → Old Church Slavonic: мѵръта (mürŭta), мрътва (mrŭtva)
- → Latin: myrtus (see there for further descendants)
Further reading
- “μύρτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “μύρτος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- μύρτος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Laufer, Berthold (1919) Sino-Iranica: Chinese contributions to the history of civilization in ancient Iran, with special reference to the history of cultivated plants and products (Fieldiana, Anthropology; 15), volume 3, Chicago: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, page 461, footnote 2
- Nyberg H. S. (posthumous), Utas, Bo, editors (1988), Frahang-i pahlavīk, Toll, Christopher, collaborator, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 66
- Hehn, Victor with Schrader, Otto (1911) Kulturpflanzen und Haustiere in ihrem Übergang aus Asien nach Griechenland und Italien sowie in das übrige Europa (in German), 8th edition, Berlin: Gebrüder Borntraeger, pages 238–239
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