λύθρον

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms
  • λύθρος (lúthros)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *lewh₃- (“to wash”), the same root of λούω (loúō, “to wash”), λῦμα (lûma, “dirt”), Latin lutum (“mire, mud”) and Albanian lym (“loam, clay”). Compare Sanskrit रुधिर (rudhira, “blood, gore”), in which case the color-word being the same is coincidence.

Pronunciation
 

Noun

λύθρον • (lúthron) n (genitive λύθρου); second declension

  1. gore, defilement from blood
    Synonym: βρότος (brótos)
  2. venom of the hydra

Inflection
Second declension of τὸ λῠ́θρον; τοῦ λῠ́θρου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative τὸ λῠ́θρον
tò lúthron		 τὼ λῠ́θρω
tṑ lúthrō		 τᾰ̀ λῠ́θρᾰ
tà lúthra
Genitive τοῦ λῠ́θρου
toû lúthrou		 τοῖν λῠ́θροιν
toîn lúthroin		 τῶν λῠ́θρων
tôn lúthrōn
Dative τῷ λῠ́θρῳ
tôi lúthrōi		 τοῖν λῠ́θροιν
toîn lúthroin		 τοῖς λῠ́θροις
toîs lúthrois
Accusative τὸ λῠ́θρον
tò lúthron		 τὼ λῠ́θρω
tṑ lúthrō		 τᾰ̀ λῠ́θρᾰ
tà lúthra
Vocative λῠ́θρον
lúthron		 λῠ́θρω
lúthrō		 λῠ́θρᾰ
lúthra
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms
  • λυθρόω (luthróō)
  • λυθρώδης (luthrṓdēs)

Descendants
  • Translingual: Lythrum

Further reading
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