λυτρόω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From λύτρον (lútron, “a ransom, from λύω (lúō, “loosen”) + -τρον (-tron, “a suffix forming instrument nouns”)”) + -ω (-ō, “a verb forming suffix”)
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ly.tró.ɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /lyˈtro.o/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /lyˈtro.o/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /lyˈtro.o/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /liˈtro.o/
Verb
λυτρόω • (lutróō)
- to release on receipt of a ransom, hold to ransom, for such a sum as is agreed on, redeem a pledge, release by payment of ransom, redeem, to be ransomed
- (passive voice) to be released from an obligation
- (mistranslation of hebrew) to "break the neck"
Conjugation
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | λυτρόω | λυτρόεις | λυτρόει | λυτρόετον | λυτρόετον | λυτρόομεν | λυτρόετε | λυτρόουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | λυτρόω | λυτρόῃς | λυτρόῃ | λυτρόητον | λυτρόητον | λυτρόωμεν | λυτρόητε | λυτρόωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | λυτρόοιμῐ | λυτρόοις | λυτρόοι | λυτρόοιτον | λυτροοίτην | λυτρόοιμεν | λυτρόοιτε | λυτρόοιεν | |||||
imperative | λύτροε | λυτροέτω | λυτρόετον | λυτροέτων | λυτρόετε | λυτροόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | λυτρόομαι | λυτρόῃ, λυτρόει |
λυτρόεται | λυτρόεσθον | λυτρόεσθον | λυτροόμεθᾰ | λυτρόεσθε | λυτρόονται | ||||
subjunctive | λυτρόωμαι | λυτρόῃ | λυτρόηται | λυτρόησθον | λυτρόησθον | λυτροώμεθᾰ | λυτρόησθε | λυτρόωνται | |||||
optative | λυτροοίμην | λυτρόοιο | λυτρόοιτο | λυτρόοισθον | λυτροοίσθην | λυτροοίμεθᾰ | λυτρόοισθε | λυτρόοιντο | |||||
imperative | λυτρόου | λυτροέσθω | λυτρόεσθον | λυτροέσθων | λυτρόεσθε | λυτροέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | λυτρόειν | λυτρόεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | λυτρόων | λυτροόμενος | ||||||||||
f | λυτρόουσᾰ | λυτροομένη | |||||||||||
n | λυτρόον | λυτροόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Present: λυτρῶ, λυτροῦμαι (Contracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | λυτρῶ | λυτροῖς | λυτροῖ | λυτροῦτον | λυτροῦτον | λυτροῦμεν | λυτροῦτε | λυτροῦσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | λυτρῶ | λυτροῖς | λυτροῖ | λυτρῶτον | λυτρῶτον | λυτρῶμεν | λυτρῶτε | λυτρῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | λυτροίην, λυτροῖμῐ |
λυτροίης, λυτροῖς |
λυτροίη, λυτροῖ |
λυτροῖτον, λυτροίητον |
λυτροίτην, λυτροιήτην |
λυτροῖμεν, λυτροίημεν |
λυτροῖτε, λυτροίητε |
λυτροῖεν, λυτροίησᾰν | |||||
imperative | λύτρου | λυτρούτω | λυτροῦτον | λυτρούτων | λυτροῦτε | λυτρούντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | λυτροῦμαι | λυτροῖ | λυτροῦται | λυτροῦσθον | λυτροῦσθον | λυτρούμεθᾰ | λυτροῦσθε | λυτροῦνται | ||||
subjunctive | λυτρῶμαι | λυτροῖ | λυτρῶται | λυτρῶσθον | λυτρῶσθον | λυτρώμεθᾰ | λυτρῶσθε | λυτρῶνται | |||||
optative | λυτροίμην | λυτροῖο | λυτροῖτο | λυτροῖσθον | λυτροίσθην | λυτροίμεθᾰ | λυτροῖσθε | λυτροῖντο | |||||
imperative | λυτροῦ | λυτρούσθω | λυτροῦσθον | λυτρούσθων | λυτροῦσθε | λυτρούσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | λυτροῦν | λυτροῦσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | λυτρῶν | λυτρούμενος | ||||||||||
f | λυτροῦσᾰ | λυτρουμένη | |||||||||||
n | λυτροῦν | λυτρούμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἐλύτροον, ἐλυτροόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐλύτροον | ἐλύτροες | ἐλύτροε(ν) | ἐλυτρόετον | ἐλυτροέτην | ἐλυτρόομεν | ἐλυτρόετε | ἐλύτροον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐλυτροόμην | ἐλυτρόου | ἐλυτρόετο | ἐλυτρόεσθον | ἐλυτροέσθην | ἐλυτροόμεθᾰ | ἐλυτρόεσθε | ἐλυτρόοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Imperfect: ἐλύτρουν, ἐλυτρούμην (Contracted)
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐλύτρουν | ἐλύτρους | ἐλύτρου | ἐλυτροῦτον | ἐλυτρούτην | ἐλυτροῦμεν | ἐλυτροῦτε | ἐλύτρουν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐλυτρούμην | ἐλυτροῦ | ἐλυτροῦτο | ἐλυτροῦσθον | ἐλυτρούσθην | ἐλυτρούμεθᾰ | ἐλυτροῦσθε | ἐλυτροῦντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Future: λυτρώσω, λυτρώσομαι, λυτρωθήσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | λυτρώσω | λυτρώσεις | λυτρώσει | λυτρώσετον | λυτρώσετον | λυτρώσομεν | λυτρώσετε | λυτρώσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | λυτρώσοιμῐ | λυτρώσοις | λυτρώσοι | λυτρώσοιτον | λυτρωσοίτην | λυτρώσοιμεν | λυτρώσοιτε | λυτρώσοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | λυτρώσομαι | λυτρώσῃ, λυτρώσει |
λυτρώσεται | λυτρώσεσθον | λυτρώσεσθον | λυτρωσόμεθᾰ | λυτρώσεσθε | λυτρώσονται | ||||
optative | λυτρωσοίμην | λυτρώσοιο | λυτρώσοιτο | λυτρώσοισθον | λυτρωσοίσθην | λυτρωσοίμεθᾰ | λυτρώσοισθε | λυτρώσοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | λυτρωθήσομαι | λυτρωθήσῃ | λυτρωθήσεται | λυτρωθήσεσθον | λυτρωθήσεσθον | λυτρωθησόμεθᾰ | λυτρωθήσεσθε | λυτρωθήσονται | ||||
optative | λυτρωθησοίμην | λυτρωθήσοιο | λυτρωθήσοιτο | λυτρωθήσοισθον | λυτρωθησοίσθην | λυτρωθησοίμεθᾰ | λυτρωθήσοισθε | λυτρωθήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | λυτρώσειν | λυτρώσεσθαι | λυτρωθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | λυτρώσων | λυτρωσόμενος | λυτρωθησόμενος | |||||||||
f | λυτρώσουσᾰ | λυτρωσομένη | λυτρωθησομένη | ||||||||||
n | λυτρῶσον | λυτρωσόμενον | λυτρωθησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Aorist: ἐλύτρωσᾰ, ἐλυτρωσᾰ́μην, ἐλυτρώθην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐλύτρωσᾰ | ἐλύτρωσᾰς | ἐλύτρωσε(ν) | ἐλυτρώσᾰτον | ἐλυτρωσᾰ́την | ἐλυτρώσᾰμεν | ἐλυτρώσᾰτε | ἐλύτρωσᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | λυτρώσω | λυτρώσῃς | λυτρώσῃ | λυτρώσητον | λυτρώσητον | λυτρώσωμεν | λυτρώσητε | λυτρώσωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | λυτρώσαιμῐ | λυτρώσειᾰς, λυτρώσαις |
λυτρώσειε(ν), λυτρώσαι |
λυτρώσαιτον | λυτρωσαίτην | λυτρώσαιμεν | λυτρώσαιτε | λυτρώσειᾰν, λυτρώσαιεν | |||||
imperative | λύτρωσον | λυτρωσᾰ́τω | λυτρώσᾰτον | λυτρωσᾰ́των | λυτρώσᾰτε | λυτρωσᾰ́ντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ἐλυτρωσᾰ́μην | ἐλυτρώσω | ἐλυτρώσᾰτο | ἐλυτρώσᾰσθον | ἐλυτρωσᾰ́σθην | ἐλυτρωσᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐλυτρώσᾰσθε | ἐλυτρώσᾰντο | ||||
subjunctive | λυτρώσωμαι | λυτρώσῃ | λυτρώσηται | λυτρώσησθον | λυτρώσησθον | λυτρωσώμεθᾰ | λυτρώσησθε | λυτρώσωνται | |||||
optative | λυτρωσαίμην | λυτρώσαιο | λυτρώσαιτο | λυτρώσαισθον | λυτρωσαίσθην | λυτρωσαίμεθᾰ | λυτρώσαισθε | λυτρώσαιντο | |||||
imperative | λύτρωσαι | λυτρωσᾰ́σθω | λυτρώσᾰσθον | λυτρωσᾰ́σθων | λυτρώσᾰσθε | λυτρωσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
passive | indicative | ἐλυτρώθην | ἐλυτρώθης | ἐλυτρώθη | ἐλυτρώθητον | ἐλυτρωθήτην | ἐλυτρώθημεν | ἐλυτρώθητε | ἐλυτρώθησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | λυτρωθῶ | λυτρωθῇς | λυτρωθῇ | λυτρωθῆτον | λυτρωθῆτον | λυτρωθῶμεν | λυτρωθῆτε | λυτρωθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | λυτρωθείην | λυτρωθείης | λυτρωθείη | λυτρωθεῖτον, λυτρωθείητον |
λυτρωθείτην, λυτρωθειήτην |
λυτρωθεῖμεν, λυτρωθείημεν |
λυτρωθεῖτε, λυτρωθείητε |
λυτρωθεῖεν, λυτρωθείησᾰν | |||||
imperative | λυτρώθητῐ | λυτρωθήτω | λυτρώθητον | λυτρωθήτων | λυτρώθητε | λυτρωθέντων | |||||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | λυτρῶσαι | λυτρώσᾰσθαι | λυτρωθῆναι | ||||||||||
participle | m | λυτρώσᾱς | λυτρωσᾰ́μενος | λυτρωθείς | |||||||||
f | λυτρώσᾱσᾰ | λυτρωσᾰμένη | λυτρωθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
n | λυτρῶσᾰν | λυτρωσᾰ́μενον | λυτρωθέν | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Perfect: λελύτρωκᾰ, λελύτρωμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | λελύτρωκᾰ | λελύτρωκᾰς | λελύτρωκε(ν) | λελυτρώκᾰτον | λελυτρώκᾰτον | λελυτρώκᾰμεν | λελυτρώκᾰτε | λελυτρώκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | λελυτρώκω | λελυτρώκῃς | λελυτρώκῃ | λελυτρώκητον | λελυτρώκητον | λελυτρώκωμεν | λελυτρώκητε | λελυτρώκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | λελυτρώκοιμῐ, λελυτρωκοίην |
λελυτρώκοις, λελυτρωκοίης |
λελυτρώκοι, λελυτρωκοίη |
λελυτρώκοιτον | λελυτρωκοίτην | λελυτρώκοιμεν | λελυτρώκοιτε | λελυτρώκοιεν | |||||
imperative | λελύτρωκε | λελυτρωκέτω | λελυτρώκετον | λελυτρωκέτων | λελυτρώκετε | λελυτρωκόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | λελύτρωμαι | λελύτρωσαι | λελύτρωται | λελύτρωσθον | λελύτρωσθον | λελυτρώμεθᾰ | λελύτρωσθε | λελύτρωνται | ||||
subjunctive | λελυτρωμένος ὦ | λελυτρωμένος ᾖς | λελυτρωμένος ᾖ | λελυτρωμένω ἦτον | λελυτρωμένω ἦτον | λελυτρωμένοι ὦμεν | λελυτρωμένοι ἦτε | λελυτρωμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | λελυτρωμένος εἴην | λελυτρωμένος εἴης | λελυτρωμένος εἴη | λελυτρωμένω εἴητον/εἶτον | λελυτρωμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | λελυτρωμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | λελυτρωμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | λελυτρωμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
imperative | λελύτρωσο | λελυτρώσθω | λελύτρωσθον | λελυτρώσθων | λελύτρωσθε | λελυτρώσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | λελυτρωκέναι | λελυτρῶσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | λελυτρωκώς | λελυτρωμένος | ||||||||||
f | λελυτρωκυῖᾰ | λελυτρωμένη | |||||||||||
n | λελυτρωκός | λελυτρωμένον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Pluperfect: ἐλελυτρώκειν, ἐλελυτρώμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐλελυτρώκειν, ἐλελυτρώκη |
ἐλελυτρώκεις, ἐλελυτρώκης |
ἐλελυτρώκει(ν) | ἐλελυτρώκετον | ἐλελυτρωκέτην | ἐλελυτρώκεμεν | ἐλελυτρώκετε | ἐλελυτρώκεσᾰν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐλελυτρώμην | ἐλελύτρωσο | ἐλελύτρωτο | ἐλελύτρωσθον | ἐλελυτρώσθην | ἐλελυτρώμεθᾰ | ἐλελύτρωσθε | ἐλελύτρωντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. |
Derived terms
Related terms
- διαλύτρωσις (dialútrōsis)
Further reading
- “λυτρόω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “λυτρόω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- λυτρόω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- “λυτρόω”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011
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