κυπάρισσος

See also: Κυπάρισσος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

κῠπᾰ́ρῐττος (kupárittos) — Attic

Etymology

Probably from a Mediterranean Pre-Greek language; compare Hebrew כֹּפֶר / כּוֺפֶר (kōp̱er, “pitch, tar; henna”), Aramaic כּוּפְרָא / ܟܘܦܪܐ (kūp̄rā, “pitch, tar; henna”), Ugaritic 𐎋𐎔𐎗 (kpr, “henna”), Mycenaean Greek 𐀓𐀞𐀫 (ku-pa-ro, “debatable plant”), Coptic ⲕⲟⲩⲡⲣ (koupr, “henna”), Demotic qwpr (“henna”), Egyptian qwpr (a given name), Dongolawi kofrē (“henna”), all ultimately from Akkadian 𒇒𒌓𒀀 (kupru, “bitumen, pitch”) from Akkadian 𒅗𒉺𒊒 (kapāru, “to smear, to daub on”). "Gopher" was the name of the tree whose wood was used to make the ark (Genesis 6:14).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ky.pá.ris.sos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /kyˈpa.ris.sos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /cyˈpa.ris.sos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /cyˈpa.ris.sos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ciˈpa.ri.sos/

Noun

κῠπᾰ́ρῐσσος • (kupárissos) f (genitive κῠπᾰρῐ́σσου); second declension

cypress (Cupressus sempervirens)
its wood, used as timber

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ κῠπᾰ́ρῐσσος; τοῦ κῠπᾰρῐ́σσου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κῠπᾰ́ρῐσσος ho kupárissos	τὼ κῠπᾰρῐ́σσω tṑ kuparíssō	οἱ κῠπᾰ́ρῐσσοι hoi kupárissoi
Genitive	τοῦ κῠπᾰρῐ́σσου toû kuparíssou	τοῖν κῠπᾰρῐ́σσοιν toîn kuparíssoin	τῶν κῠπᾰρῐ́σσων tôn kuparíssōn
Dative	τῷ κῠπᾰρῐ́σσῳ tôi kuparíssōi	τοῖν κῠπᾰρῐ́σσοιν toîn kuparíssoin	τοῖς κῠπᾰρῐ́σσοις toîs kuparíssois
Accusative	τὸν κῠπᾰ́ρῐσσον tòn kupárisson	τὼ κῠπᾰρῐ́σσω tṑ kuparíssō	τοὺς κῠπᾰρῐ́σσους toùs kuparíssous
Vocative	κῠπᾰ́ρῐσσε kupárisse	κῠπᾰρῐ́σσω kuparíssō	κῠπᾰ́ρῐσσοι kupárissoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

κυπαρισσίας (kuparissías)
κυπαρίσσινος (kuparíssinos)
κυπαρίσσιον (kuparíssion)
κυπαρίσσιος (kuparíssios)
κυπαρισσόκομος (kuparissókomos)
κυπαρισσόροφος (kuparissórophos)
κυπαρισσών (kuparissṓn)
χαμαικυπάρισσος (khamaikupárissos)

Descendants

Greek: κυπαρίσσι (kyparíssi)
- → Romanian: chiparos
→ Latin: cupressus, cypressus; cyparissus
- → Aragonese: cupreso (Sarrablés)
- Catalan: ciprés, ciprer, xiprer
- → English: cypress
- → French: cyprès
- → Italian: cipresso
- → Norman: cyprès (Jersey)
- Piedmontese: sipress
- Portuguese: cipreste
- → Spanish: ciprés
→ Old Armenian: կիպարիս (kiparis)
→ Old Georgian: კჳპაროსი (ḳwiṗarosi), კჳპაროზი (ḳwiṗarozi)
- Georgian: კვიპაროსი (ḳviṗarosi)
→ Russian: кипари́с (kiparís)

References

“κυπάρισσος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“κυπάρισσος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“κυπάρισσος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
κυπάρισσος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
κυπάρισσος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
“κυπάρισσος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- cypress idem, page 193.

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