κίδαφος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms
  • κίνδαφιος (kíndaphios), σκίνδαφος (skíndaphos)

Etymology

According to Beekes, all the variations prove a Pre-Greek origin of the word. However it matches the Semitic root כ־ד־ב (k-ḏ-b) / ك ذ ب (k-ḏ-b) (Hebrew כ־ז־ב (k-z-b)) related to lies, most closely in Aramaic כַּדָּבָא (kaddāḇā, “frequently lying”) and in Arabic كَذَّاب (kaḏḏāb, “frequently lying”). Thus doublet of κίβδηλος (kíbdēlos, “deceitful; fake”).

Pronunciation
 

Adjective

κίδαφος • (kídaphos) m (feminine κιδάφη, neuter κίδαφον); first/second declension

  1. wily, cunning, sly

Inflection
First and second declension of κίδαφος; κιδάφη; κίδαφον (Attic)
Number Singular Dual Plural
Case/Gender MasculineFeminine Neuter MasculineFeminine Neuter MasculineFeminine Neuter
Nominative κίδαφος
kídaphos		 κιδάφη
kidáphē		 κίδαφον
kídaphon		 κιδάφω
kidáphō		 κιδάφᾱ
kidáphā		 κιδάφω
kidáphō		 κίδαφοι
kídaphoi		 κίδαφαι
kídaphai		 κίδαφᾰ
kídapha
Genitive κιδάφου
kidáphou		 κιδάφης
kidáphēs		 κιδάφου
kidáphou		 κιδάφοιν
kidáphoin		 κιδάφαιν
kidáphain		 κιδάφοιν
kidáphoin		 κιδάφων
kidáphōn		 κιδάφων
kidáphōn		 κιδάφων
kidáphōn
Dative κιδάφῳ
kidáphōi		 κιδάφῃ
kidáphēi		 κιδάφῳ
kidáphōi		 κιδάφοιν
kidáphoin		 κιδάφαιν
kidáphain		 κιδάφοιν
kidáphoin		 κιδάφοις
kidáphois		 κιδάφαις
kidáphais		 κιδάφοις
kidáphois
Accusative κίδαφον
kídaphon		 κιδάφην
kidáphēn		 κίδαφον
kídaphon		 κιδάφω
kidáphō		 κιδάφᾱ
kidáphā		 κιδάφω
kidáphō		 κιδάφους
kidáphous		 κιδάφᾱς
kidáphās		 κίδαφᾰ
kídapha
Vocative κίδαφε
kídaphe		 κιδάφη
kidáphē		 κίδαφον
kídaphon		 κιδάφω
kidáphō		 κιδάφᾱ
kidáphā		 κιδάφω
kidáphō		 κίδαφοι
kídaphoi		 κίδαφαι
kídaphai		 κίδαφᾰ
kídapha
Derived forms Adverb Comparative Superlative
κιδάφως
kidáphōs		 κιδαφότερος
kidaphóteros		 κιδαφότᾰτος
kidaphótatos
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms
  • κιδαφεύω (kidapheúō)

Further reading
  • “κίδαφος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  • Szemerényi, Oswald (1974) “The origins of the Greek lexicon: Ex Oriente Lux”, in The Journal of Hellenic Studies‎, volume 94, →DOI, pages 155–156
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