θεοκρατία

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From θεο- (theo-, “god, deity”) +‎ -κρατία (-kratía, “power, rule”) from θεός and κρᾰτέω.

Coined in the 1st century CE by Josephus (Against Apion 2.17) to denote the idealistic political system of a Jewish state ordained by Moses, as contrasted with democracy, oligarchy and monarchy.

Pronunciation
 

Noun

θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ • (theokratíā) f (genitive θεοκρατῐ́ᾱς); first declension (Koine)

  1. (politics, religion) theocracy
    • 37 CE – 100 CE, Josephus, Against Apion 2.17:
      οἱ μὲν γὰρ μοναρχίαις, οἱ δὲ ταῖς ὀλίγων δυναστείαις, ἄλλοι δὲ τοῖς πλήθεσιν ἐπέτρεψαν τὴν ἐξουσίαν τῶν πολιτευμάτων. ὁ δ’ ἡμέτερος νομοθέτης εἰς μὲν τούτων οὐδοτιοῦν ἀπεῖδεν, ὡς δ’ ἄν τις εἴποι βιασάμενος τὸν λόγον θεοκρατίαν ἀπέδειξε τὸ πολίτευμα θεῷ τὴν ἀρχὴν καὶ τὸ κράτος ἀναθείς.
      hoi mèn gàr monarkhíais, hoi dè taîs olígōn dunasteíais, álloi dè toîs plḗthesin epétrepsan tḕn exousían tôn politeumátōn. ho d’ hēméteros nomothétēs eis mèn toútōn oudotioûn apeîden, hōs d’ án tis eípoi biasámenos tòn lógon theokratían apédeixe tò políteuma theôi tḕn arkhḕn kaì tò krátos anatheís.
      • 1895 translation by William Whiston
        Some legislators have permitted their governments to be under monarchies, others put them under oligarchies, and others under a republican form; but our legislator had no regard to any of these forms, but he ordained our government to be what, by a strained expression, may be termed a Theocracy, by ascribing the authority and the power to God. (@perseus.tuftus.edu)

Inflection
First declension of ἡ θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ; τῆς θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱς (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ἡ θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ
hē theokratíā		 τὼ θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ
tṑ theokratíā		 αἱ θεοκρᾰτῐ́αι
hai theokratíai
Genitive τῆς θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱς
tês theokratíās		 τοῖν θεοκρᾰτῐ́αιν
toîn theokratíain		 τῶν θεοκρᾰτῐῶν
tôn theokratiôn
Dative τῇ θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾳ
têi theokratíāi		 τοῖν θεοκρᾰτῐ́αιν
toîn theokratíain		 ταῖς θεοκρᾰτῐ́αις
taîs theokratíais
Accusative τὴν θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱν
tḕn theokratíān		 τὼ θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ
tṑ theokratíā		 τᾱ̀ς θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱς
tā̀s theokratíās
Vocative θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ
theokratíā		 θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ
theokratíā		 θεοκρᾰτῐ́αι
theokratíai
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
  • θεοκρᾱσῐ́ᾱ f (theokrāsíā, “mingling with god”)
  • θεόκρῐτος m (theókritos, “judge of gods, epithet for Paris”)
  • and see θεο- and-κρατία

Descendants

References

Greek

Etymology

From Hellenistic Koine Greek θεοκρᾰτῐ́ᾱ (theokratíā). Morphologically from θεο- (“god”) +‎ -κρατία (“holding power, ruling”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /θe.o.kraˈti.a/
  • Hyphenation: θε‧ο‧κρα‧τί‧α

Noun

θεοκρατία • (theokratía) f (plural θεοκρατίας)

  1. (politics, religion) theocracy
    Στην αρχαία Αίγυπτο επικρατούσε θεοκρατία.
    Stin archaía Aígypto epikratoúse theokratía.
    Theocracy was dominant in Ancient Aegypt.

Declension
declension of θεοκρατία
case     \     number singular plural
nominative θεοκρατία • θεοκρατίες •
genitive θεοκρατίας • θεοκρατιών •
accusative θεοκρατία • θεοκρατίες •
vocative θεοκρατία • θεοκρατίες •
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