Τιτάν

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

Τειτάν (Teitán)[1]

Etymology

Possibly from τίτο (títo, “sun, day”), which is an Anatolian loan-word, or from τιταίνω (titaínō, “to stretch, to extend”), from τείνω (teínō), or from τίσις (tísis, “retribution”), from τίνω (tínō, “to pay a price as a penalty, expiate”), respectively, as Hesiod attempts to explain. Compare Doric Greek τίτας (títas), Ionic Greek τίτης (títēs, “avenger, punisher”). However, modern scholars doubt Hesiod's etymology.

Jane Ellen Harrison asserts that the word "Titan" comes from the Greek τίτανος, signifying white "earth, clay, or gypsum," and that the Titans were "white clay men", or men covered by white clay or gypsum dust in their rituals.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tiː.tǎːn/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /tiˈtan/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /tiˈtan/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /tiˈtan/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /tiˈtan/

Proper noun

Τῑτᾱ́ν • (Tītā́n) m (genitive Τῑτᾶνος); third declension

one of the Titans in Greek mythology; a Titan
Titan, another name for the mythological Greek god Helios

Inflection

Third declension of ὁ Τῑτᾱ́ν; τοῦ Τῑτᾶνος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ Τῑτᾱ́ν ho Tītā́n	τὼ Τῑτᾶνε tṑ Tītâne	οἱ Τῑτᾶνες hoi Tītânes
Genitive	τοῦ Τῑτᾶνος toû Tītânos	τοῖν Τῑτᾱ́νοιν toîn Tītā́noin	τῶν Τῑτᾱ́νων tôn Tītā́nōn
Dative	τῷ Τῑτᾶνῐ tôi Tītâni	τοῖν Τῑτᾱ́νοιν toîn Tītā́noin	τοῖς Τῑτᾶσῐ / Τῑτᾶσῐν toîs Tītâsi(n)
Accusative	τὸν Τῑτᾶνᾰ tòn Tītâna	τὼ Τῑτᾶνε tṑ Tītâne	τοὺς Τῑτᾶνᾰς toùs Tītânas
Vocative	Τῑτᾱ́ν Tītā́n	Τῑτᾶνε Tītâne	Τῑτᾶνες Tītânes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

Τῑτᾱνῐ́ς (Tītānís)
Τῑτᾱνῐκός (Tītānikós)
Τῑτᾱνομᾰχῐ́ᾱ (Tītānomakhíā)

Descendants

Greek: Τιτάν (Titán)
Latin: Tītān

References

“Τιτάν”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“Τιτάν”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,028
Τιτάν in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette

This spelling, which has a numeric value of 666, is attested in St. Irenaeus's Against the Heresies, book V, chapter xxx, section 3.

Greek

Etymology

Ancient Greek Τιτάν (Titán)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tiˈtan/
Hyphenation: Τι‧τάν

Proper noun

Τιτάν • (Titán) m

(formal) Alternative form of Τιτάνας (Titánas) in the ancient fashion

Usage notes

Used especially for astronomy, for Titan, moon of Saturn
and for titles such as Mahler's 1st Symphony translated as «Τιτάν»

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[1] This spelling, which has a numeric value of 666, is attested in St. Irenaeus's Against the Heresies, book V, chapter xxx, section 3.