Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From πνεῦμᾰ (pneûma, “breath, vital force, soul”) + ἅγῐος (hágios, “holy”), a calque of Hebrew רוּחַ הַקֹּדֶשׁ (rū́aḥ haqqṓḏeš).
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /pnêu̯.ma tò há.ɡi.on/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈpnew.ma to ˈ(h)a.ɡi.on/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈpneβ.ma to ˈa.ʝi.on/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈpnev.ma to ˈa.ʝi.on/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈpnev.ma to ˈa.ʝi.on/
Proper noun
Πνεῦμᾰ τὸ Ἅγῐον • (Pneûma tò Hágion) n (genitive Πνεύμᾰτος τοῦ Ἁγῐ́ου); third declension
- (Christianity) The Holy Ghost, the Holy Spirit.
Declension
| Case / # | Singular | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ Πνεῦμᾰ τὸ Ἅγῐον tò Pneûma tò Hágion | ||||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ Πνεύμᾰτος τοῦ Ἁγῐ́ου toû Pneúmatos toû Hagíou | ||||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ Πνεύμᾰτῐ τῷ Ἁγῐ́ῳ tôi Pneúmati tôi Hagíōi | ||||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ Πνεῦμᾰ τὸ Ἅγῐον tò Pneûma tò Hágion | ||||||||||||
| Vocative | Πνεῦμᾰ Ἅγῐον Pneûma Hágion | ||||||||||||
| Notes: |
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Descendants
- Greek: Άγιον Πνεύμα (Ágion Pnévma)
- → Latin: Spīritus Sānctus, spīritus sānctus (calque)
- → Old English: hālig gāst (calque)
- Middle English: holigost
- English: Holy Ghost
- → Old High German: heilagēr geist (calque)
- Middle High German: heileger geist
- German: Heiliger Geist
- Middle High German: heileger geist
- Middle English: holigost
- → Finnish: Pyhä Henki (calque)
- → Old English: hālig gāst (calque)
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