Πλειάδες

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms
  • Πληϊάδες (Plēïádes) — Epic, Ionic
  • Πληΐαδες (Plēḯades) — Aeolic
  • Πελειάδες (Peleiádes) — influenced by πελειάς (peleiás, “dove”)

Etymology

Apparently from πλέω (pléō, “to sail”) because of the star cluster’s importance in delimiting the sailing season in the Mediterranean Sea: "the season of navigation began with their heliacal rising".[1] The mythological sisters were probably named after the star cluster, rather than vice versa.

The singular Πλειάς (Pleiás) is sometimes found referring to the star cluster.

Pronunciation
 

Proper noun

Πλειάδες • (Pleiádes) f pl (genitive Πλειάδων); third declension

  1. (astronomy) Pleiades (star cluster)
  2. (Greek mythology) Pleiades (seven daughters of Atlas and Pleione)

Declension
Third declension of αἱ Πλειᾰ́δες; τῶν Πλειᾰ́δων (Attic)
Case / # Plural
Nominative αἱ Πλειᾰ́δες
hai Pleiádes
Genitive τῶν Πλειᾰ́δων
tôn Pleiádōn
Dative ταῖς Πλειᾰ́σῐ / Πλειᾰ́σῐν
taîs Pleiási(n)
Accusative τᾱ̀ς Πλειᾰ́δᾰς
tā̀s Pleiádas
Vocative Πλειᾰ́δες
Pleiádes
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
  • Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Hyponyms

Descendants
Descendants
  • Greek: Πλειάδες (Pleiádes)
  • → Asturian: Pléyades
  • → Basque: Pleiade
  • → Breton: Pleiadezed
  • → Bulgarian: Плеяди (Plejadi)
  • → Catalan: Plèiades
  • → Mandarin: 普勒阿得斯 (Pǔlè'ādésī)
  • → Czech: Plejády
  • → Danish: Plejaderne
  • → Dutch: Pleiaden
  • → Esperanto: Plejadoj
  • → Estonian: Plejaadid
  • → Finnish: Plejadit, plejadi
  • → French: Pléiades
  • → Galician: Pléiades
  • → Georgian: პლეადები (ṗleadebi)
  • → German: Plejaden
  • → Hebrew: פְּלִיאָדוֹת (Pliadót)
  • → Hungarian: pleiaszok, Plejádok
  • → Ido: Pleyado
  • → Italian: Pleiadi
  • → Japanese: プレイアデス (Pureiadesu)
  • → Korean: 플레이아데스 (Peulleiadeseu)
  • → Latin: Plēiadēs
  • → Latvian: Plejādes
  • → Lithuanian: Plejadės
  • → Luxembourgish: Pleiaden
  • → Norwegian: Pleiadene
  • → Occitan: pleiades
  • → Polish: plejada, Plejady
  • → Portuguese: Plêiades
  • → Romanian: Pleiada
  • → Russian: Плея́ды (Plejády)
  • → Serbo-Croatian: Plejade
  • → Slovak: Plejády
  • → Slovene: Plejade
  • → Spanish: Pléyades
  • → Swedish: Plejaderna
  • → Thai: ไพลยาดีส (plaiyaadèet)
  • → Ukrainian: Плея́ди (Plejády)

References
  1. “Pleiad”, in OED Online Paid subscription required⁠, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.

Further reading

Greek

Etymology

Ancient Greek Πλειάδες (Pleiádes), possibly from πλέω (pléō, “to sail”), or possibly from a plural of πέλεια (péleia, “dove”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /pliˈa.ðes/

Proper noun

Πλειάδες • (Pleiádes) f pl

  1. (astronomy) Pleiades (star cluster in Taurus)
  2. (Greek mythology) Pleiades (seven daughters of Atlas and Pleione)

Declension
declension of Πλειάδες
case     \     number singular plural
nominative Πλειάδα • Πλειάδες •
genitive Πλειάδας • Πλειάδων •
accusative Πλειάδα • Πλειάδες •
vocative Πλειάδα • Πλειάδες •

Hyponyms

References
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