þér

• Rhymes: -ɛːr

From Old Norse þér.

þér

1. (personal) dative singular of þú

   Hún tók þetta epli frá þér.

   She took this apple from you.

From Old Norse ér; the initial þ comes from a rebracketing of ð in the second person plural verb ending (e.g. hafið ér → reinterpreted as hafið þér). The Old Norse derives from a variant of Proto-Germanic *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́.

þér

1. (archaic, formal) plural of þú
2. (dated, formal) you (the V-form in terms of T-V distinction)
   • Colossians 3:9

     Ljúgið ekki hver að öðrum, því þér hafið afklæðst hinum gamla manni með gjörðum hans.

     Do not lie to each other, since you have taken off your old self with its practices.

   Hvað hugsið þér?

   What do you think?

   Verið þér sælar, frú mín góð.

   Good day to you, milady.

As a formal V-form pronoun, þér can have a singular or plural referent, but is always grammatically plural, similar to Danish De, German Sie, French vous, etc. This pronoun has fallen out of everyday use, but lingers in the raw plural sense in biblical language, and finds occasional use as a V-form.

From Proto-Norse *ᚦᛖᛉ (*þeʀ), Proto-Germanic *þiz, dative of *þū.

• (12th century Icelandic) IPA^(key): /ˈθeːr/

þér

1. dative of þú

• Icelandic: þér
• Faroese: tær
• Old Swedish: þær, þæ

From earlier ér, from Proto-Germanic *jīz, Northwest Germanic form of *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́. The initial þ comes from a pervasive sandhi effect, triggered by word-final ð in the second person plural verb endings (e.g. hafið ér → reinterpreted as hafið þér).

• ér
• íʀ — Old East Norse

• (12th century Icelandic) IPA^(key): /ˈθeːr/

þér (Old West Norse)

1. you (plural); ye

• Icelandic: þér
• Faroese: tær
• Norwegian Nynorsk: de (also from þit)

• Byock, Jesse L. (2013) Viking Language 1: Learn Old Norse, Runes, and Icelandic Sagas, →ISBN, page 373