úathad
Old Irish
Alternative forms
- óthad, úaithed
Etymology
Thurneysen assumes a direct derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewtos. Compare Ancient Greek αὐτός (autós), Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌸𐌴𐌹𐍃 (auþeis), Old Norse auðr (“desolate”).
However, in modern times Proto-Celtic *autītos is reconstructed instead.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈuːa̯θað]
Inflection
| Neuter o-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | úathadN | úathadN | úathadL, úaite |
| Vocative | úathadN | úathadN | úathadL, úaite |
| Accusative | úathadN | úathadN | úathadL, úaite |
| Genitive | úathaidL | úathad | úathadN |
| Dative | úathadL | úaitib | úaitib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Derived terms
- úath (“a few”, adverb)
- úathaide (“singular”, adjective)
- úathaigid (“makes, becomes few”, verb)
Descendants
- Irish: uathadh
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| úathad | unchanged | n-úathad |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*aw-tīto-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 49
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 úathad, óthad, úaithed”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, §§ 60, 63
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