< Power Generation

The previous Lesson was about variable loads on power stations. You are expected to remember the following from Lesson 7.

  • Definitions
  • Load Curves
  • Types of loads on a power station
  • Selecting generation units for a power station
  • Base & Peak loads
  • Methods of meeting load


Preview: Lesson 8

This lesson is about comparing of power stations. At the end of the lesson, you should understand how each power station discussed in this course measures up against others with respect to the following:

  • Location & space required
  • Initial & running cost
  • Overal efficiency & stand-by losses
  • Maintenance costs
  • Limit of source of power
  • Cost of fuel & clean emissions
  • Starting
  • Transmission & distribution costs


Five types of electric generating power stations have been discussed in this course thus far. These being:



There are other types of power stations used around the world besides the big five covered here. The following are not covered here due to the fact that they are strictly dependent on the geography of the area where they can be erected and hence do not find wide use around the world:


Note that the Pumped-storage scheme and Gas-turbine power stations are not included in this lesson as they are rarely used for base loads.

This lesson will compare the four widely used power stations (steam, hydro, diesel and nuclear) with regard to the following aspects:

  • Location & space required
  • Initial & running cost
  • Overal efficiency & stand-by losses
  • Maintenance costs
  • Limit of power source
  • Cost of Fuel & Clean emissions
  • Starting
  • Transmission & distribution costs


For the above comparison, sortable lists will be used with the following key of merit:

1 -- Highest merit (Highly desirable)
3 -- Second lowest merit (Tolerable)

2 -- Second highest merit (Acceptable)
4 -- Lowest merit (Not desirable)


You can click on the sorting icon to sort lists by the item you are interested in. This information is vital in deciding the type of power station that would be suitable in different situations.

Power Station Rank Location Rank Space required
Steam Power station2Where there is Enough supply of water and coal.3Needs sufficient space for all equipment.
Hydro Power station4Where large reservoirs can be obtained by dam construction.4Needs very large space for constructing a dam
Diesel Power station1Where there is required space & water, thus can be located anywhere.2Needs very little space for all equipment
Nuclear Power station3Where there is enough supply of water, but must not be too far away from populated areas.1Needs the least space, compared any other power station of equal capacity
Power Station Rank Initial Cost Rank Running cost
Steam Power station2Are lower than those of Hydro & Nuclear.3Higher than hydro & nuclear.
Hydro Power station3Are very high because of dam construction.1Practically NIL; no fuel needed
Diesel Power station1Lowest compared to all other power stations.4Highest due to Diesel prices
Nuclear Power station4Highest due to complex nuclear reactors.2Second lowest
Power Station Rank Efficiency Rank Losses
Steam Power station4This is plant is ≈ 25% efficient.4This is due to Boiler remaining in operation even if turbine is switched off.
Hydro Power station1This is plant is ≈ 85% efficient.1This Plant has no stand-by losses
Diesel Power station3This is plant is ≈ 35% efficient.2This Plant has lesser stand-by losses
Nuclear Power station2This is plant is ≈ 55% efficient3This Plant has less stand-by losses
Power Station Rank Maintenance costs Justification
Steam Power station3High. Skilled staff required.
Hydro Power station1Lowest.
Diesel Power station2Low.
Nuclear Power station4Highest. Highly skilled and specialized staff required.
Power Station Rank Limit of source of power
Steam Power station4Has most Limited fuel Reserves.
Hydro Power station2Has undependable water source due to weather variations.
Diesel Power station3Has Limited fuel Reserves.
Nuclear Power station1Has sufficient fuel Reserves.
Power Station Rank Cost of Fuel Justification Rank Clean emissions Justification
Steam Power station4Maximum, due to constant demand of coal & transportation.4Has highest polluting emissions.
Hydro Power station1Practically nil.1Biodiversity loss & greenhouse gas emissions from flooded land
Diesel Power station3Higher than Hydro and Nuclear power stations.2Has cleaner emissions compared to steam & nuclear power stations.
Nuclear Power station2Minimum, due to small quantities of fuel required.3Has cleaner emissions compared to steam power stations but produces nuclear waste, which is currently an unsolved problem.
Power Station Rank Starting Justification
Steam Power station4Longest starting time.
Hydro Power station1Shortest starting time.
Diesel Power station2Short starting time.
Nuclear Power station3Long starting time.
Power Station Rank Transmission & Distribution costs Justification
Steam Power station2Low. Plant is close to load center.
Hydro Power station4Highest. Plant is furthest from load center.
Diesel Power station1Lowest. Plant is at load center.
Nuclear Power station3High. Plant is far from load center.

References

  • This resource is prepared from Lecture notes by Thuvack.
  • V.K Mehta & Rohit Mehta :- Principles of Power systems (1st ed.). S.CHAND .ISBN 81-219-2496-0
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