Learn Arabic (Language Of Quran)/Alphabets

أ ب ت ث ج ح خ د ذ ر ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ك ل م ن هـ و ي Arabic language consists of 28 letters, used by Arabs and many Muslims all over the world. For Muslims, Arabic is important because it is the language of the Holy Quran. Arabic letters are written from right to left, and each letter can be written in three ways depending on the preceding letter. Here, we are going to explain these one by one!

الهمزة

Hamza / ء

How to write hamza

some of the linguists consider hamza a letter like Sibawayh . it's added to the Arabic Vowels (ا ، و ، ي )

to give the A'/U'/ and I' Sounds we find Hamza at the begining , middle or last of words

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	'Akala	أَكَلَ (ate)	أَ
	'Umma	أُمّة (Nation)	أَ
	Ya's	يأس (Despair)	ـأ
	Ru'a	رؤى (Good Dreams)	ؤ
	Yunshi'	يُنشيء (Creates)	يء

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How to write the letter أ

حرف الألف

Alif / أ

one of the Arabic vowels . it has the /A/ English sound , written simply by drawing a vertical line from top to bottom

(if it comes at the begining or the middle of the word)

Alif at the end

when Alif is the last letter in a word , it's written as : ى

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Ab	أَب (Father)	أَ
	Um	أُم (Mother)	أُ
	Insan	إِنسان (Human)	إِ
	Huda	هدى (guidance)	ى

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حرف البـاء

Ba' / ب

How to write Ba'

similar to the English /B/ Sound, written like the pic. bellow

how to write Ba' initial or medial.

When Ba' comes at the Beginning (initial) or Middle (medial) of a word.. it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Baqara	بَقَرة (Cow)	بَـ
	Bushra	بُشرى (Tidings)	بُـ
	Bilad	بِلاد (Country)	بِـ
	Kitab	كِتاب (Book)	ب
	Zaboon	زَبون (Customer)	بـ

حرف التاء

How to write Ta

Ta' / ت

similar to the English /T/ sound .

How to write Ta' at begining

When Ta' comes at the beginig of a word , it's written as

when Ta' comes at the end of word it's pronounced and written in two ways :

How to write Ta

1- Ta' Maftoha (open Ta')

written and Pronounced As Normal Ta'

How to write the Ta' at end

2-Ta'Marbotَ a (Strapped Ta')

Pronounced as a very light /h/ english sound, written as shown

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Tamouz	تَموز(July)	تَـ
	Tufah	تُفاح (Apple)	تُـ
	Timsah	تِمساح (Crocodile)	تِـ
	Bint	بِنت (Girl)	ت
	Burtuqal	بُرتُقال (Orange)	تُـ
	Maktaba	مَكتَبة (Library)	ــة

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حرف الثاء

Ta' / ث

How to write Tha'

similar to the /Th/ In the word ( Three ), written as shown .

How to write Tha' at the beginning and mid.

When Tha' comes at the beginning or Middle Of the word it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Thaldj	ثَلج(Ice)	ثَـ
	Thula	ثُلة (A Group)	ثُـ
	Thimar	ثِمار (Fruits)	ثِـ
	i'thnan	إثنان (two)	ثـ
	i'nath	إناث (Females)	ث

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حرف الجيم

Djeem' / ج

How to write Djeem

Pronounced like the /G/ sound in the word  ( Gym ), written as shown below

How to write Djeem at the beginning and mid.

when Djeem comes at the Beginning or Middle of a word . it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Djaras	جَرَس(Bell)	جَـ
	Djomoa	جُمُعة (Friday)	جُـ
	Djibal	جِبال(Mountains)	جِـ
	Dadjadj	دَجاج (Chickens)	ج

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حرف الحـاء

Hَ a' / ح

How to write Ha'

There is no english sound similar to the Hَ a' , It can be pronounced as Pushing the air from the throat with a 'slightly' open mouth the Tongue at the bottom.

how to write Ha' at beginning or mid

when Hَ a' comes at the Beginning or Middle of a word . it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Habl	حَبل(Rope)	حَـ
	Hulum	حُلُم (Dream)	حُـ
	Hisan	حِصان(Horse)	حِـ
	Sabah	صَباح (Morning)	ح

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حرف الخـاء

Kha' / خ

how to write Kha

pronounced as Pushing the air from the Pharynx, with a 'slightly' open mouth ,the Tongue at the bottom.

how to write Kha' at the beginning or mid

when Kha' comes at the Beginning or Middle of a word . it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Khas	خَس(Lettuce)	خَـ
	Khubuz	خُبز (Bread)	خُـ
	Khiyar	خِيار(Cucumber)	خِـ
	Mareekh	مَريخ (Mars)	خ

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حرف الدال

Dal / د

how to write Dal

Similar to the /D/ English sound

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Dam	دَم(Blood)	دَ
	Dub	دُب (Bear)	دُ
	Dif'	دِفئ(Warmth)	دِ
	Yad	يَـد (Hand)	د

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حرف الذال

Dzal / ذ

How to write Dzal

Similar to the /Th/ Sound on the word ( They )

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Dzahab	ذَهَب(Gold)	ذَ
	Dzobab	ذُباب (Flies)	ذُ
	Dzi'b	ذِئب(Wolf)	ذِ
	Kadzib	كَذِب (Lie)	ذ

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حرف الـراء

Ra' / ر

How to write Ra'

Has the /R/ English Sound

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Raml	رَمل(Sand)	رَ
	Rumman	رُمان (Pomegranate)	رُ
	Riyah	رِياح(Winds)	رِ
	Qamar	قَمَر (Moon)	ر

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حرف الـزاي

Zai / ز

How to write Zai

Has the /Z/ English Sound

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Zaman	زَمَن (Time)	زَ
	Zuhour	زُهور (Flowers)	زُ
	Zi'baq	زِئبق(Mercury)	زِ
	Kanz	كَنز (Treasure)	ز

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حرف الـسين

Seen / س

How to write Seen

Has the /S/ English Sound

how to write seen at beginning and mid

when seen comes at the Beginning or Middle of a word . it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Salam	سَلام (Peace)	سَ
	Sullam	سُلَّم (Ladder)	سُ
	Sibaq	سِباق(Race)	سِ
	Kursi	كُرسي (Chair)	س
	Shams	شَمس (Sun)	س

ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الـشين

Sheen / ش

How to write Sheen

Has the /Sh/ Sound on the word ( She )

how to write sheen at beginning or Mid

when sheen comes at the Beginning or Middle of a word . it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Shadjara	شَجَرَة (Tree)	شَ
	Shukran	شُكرا (Thanx)	شُ
	Shita'	شِتاء(Winter)	شِ
	Mustashfa	مُستَشفى (Hospital)	شـ

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الـصاد

Saad / ص

How to write Saad

The same of pronouncing the seen letter with Making lower teeth behind the upper teeth

Has the /S/ Sound on the word ( Sun ),

how to write Saad at beginning and Mid

when Saad comes at the Beginning or Middle of a word . it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Sabr	صَبر(Patience)	صَ
	Sundooq	صُندوق (Box)	صُ
	Siyam	صِيام(Fasting)	صِ
	Nasr	نَصر (Victory)	ص
	Fahs	فَحص (Check)	ص

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الـضاد

Dَhad / ض

how to write Dhad

Pushing The air out of the mouth,Tongue is touching the back of the front teeth

How to write Dhad at the beginning and mid

when Dhad comes at the Beginning or Middle of a word . it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Dَhaw'	ضَوء(Light)	ضَ
	Dَhur	ضُر (Harm)	ضُ
	Dَhid	ضِد(Versus)	ضِ
	Bidَh'	بِضع(Some)	ض
	A'rdh	أرض(Earth)	ض

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الـطاء

Tَ a'/ ط

how to write Tَ a'

Same of pronouncing the /T/ sound but Tongue is touching the back of the front teeth,Looks like a strong /T/

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Tَ alab	طَلَب(Request)	طَ
	Tَ urfa	طُرفة (Witticism)	طُ
	Tَ ifl	طِفل(Child)	طِ
	QuTَ n	قُطن(Cotton)	ط

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ

حرف الـظاء

Dَ a'/ ظ

How to write Dَ ha'

Pushing the air out of Mouth ,Tongue is between upper and lower teeth(outside the mouth little bit)

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Dَ alam	ظَلام(Darkness)	ظَ
	Dَ ulm	ظُلم (Injustice)	ظُ
	Dَ il	ظِل(Shadow)	ظِ
	LahDَ a	لحظة(Moment)	ظ

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حرف الـعين

Aَ yn/ ع

how to write Ayn

like a very heavy /A/ .. pronounced as the /A/ Sound but with Pushing the air from the Throat , Tongue at the bottom.

how to write Ayn at the beginning

when Aَ yn  comes at the beginning of the word it's written as

how to write Ayn at mid

when Aَ yn letter comes at the middle of the word it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Aَ sal	عَسَل(Honey)	عَـ
	Aَ umr	عُمر (Age)	عُـ
	Aَ imad il	عِماد(Mainstay)	عِـ
	Aَ iraq	العِراق(Iraq)	ــعــ
	Ma Aَ	مَعَ (With)	ع

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حرف الـغين

Ghayn/ غ

how to write Ghayn

pronounced as the /gh/ Sound

how to write Ghayn at the beginning

when it comes at the beginning of the word it's written as

hoe to write Ghayn at mid

when ghayn letter comes at the middle of the word it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Ghayma	غَيمة (Cloud)	غَـ
	Ghubar	غُبار (Dust)	غُـ
	Ghilaf il	غِلاف(Casing)	غِـ
	Baghdad	بغداد(Baghdad)	ــغــ
	Faragh	فراغ (vacuity)	غ

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حرف الـفاء

Fa'/ ف

how to write fa'

pronounced as the /F/ Sound

How to write fa' at beginning

when Fa' Comes at the beginning of a word, it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Fath	فَتح (Unseal)	فَـ
	Funduq	فُندُق (Hotel)	فُـ
	Filastin	فِلِسطين(Palestine)	فِـ
	Raf	رَف(Rack)	ف

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حرف القاف

Qaf/ ق

how to write Qaf

pronounced as a heavy /Q/ sound

how to write Qaf at the beginning

When Qaf comes at the beginning of a word, it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Qamar	قَمَر (Moon)	قَـ
	Qul	قُل (Say)	قُـ
	Qitَ ar	قِطار(Train)	قِـ
	Souq	سوق(Market)	ق

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حرف الكاف

Kaf/ ك

How to write Kaf at end

Same as the /K/ english sound

how to write Kaf at the beginning

when Kaf comes at the begin  of a word , it's written as

how to write kaf at mid

when Kaf comes at the  middle of a word , it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Kalima	كَلِمة (Word)	كَـ
	Kul	كُل (All)	كُـ
	Kitab	كِتاب(Book)	كِـ
	Fikr	فِكر(Thought)	ـكـ
	Samak	سَمَك(Fish)	ك

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حرف اللام

Lam/ ل

how to write lam

Same as the /L/ english sound

how to write Lam atthe beginning or mid

when Lam comes at the begin or Middle of a word , it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Lawn	لَون (Color)	لَـ
	Laban	لَبَن (Yogurt)	لـ
	Layl	لَيل(Night)	ل
	Malak	مَلَك(Angle)	لـ

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حرف الميم

Meem/ م

how to write Meem

Same as the /M/ english sound

how to write Meem at the beginning

When Meem comes at the beginning of a word, it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Malik	مَلِك (King)	مَـ
	Muhammad	مُحمد(Muhammad)	مُـ
	Miftah	مِفتاح(Key)	مِـ
	Aَ mal	عَمَل(Work)	ـمـ
	Kalam	كَلام (Speach)	م

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حرف النون

Noun/ ن

how to write Noun

Same as the /N/ english sound

how to write Noon at the beginning

When Noon comes at the beginning of a word , it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Nasr	نَسر (Eagle)	نَـ
	Nafitha	نافِذة(Window)	نـ
	Nihaya	نِهاية(End)	نِـ
	Lisan	لِسان(Tongue)	ن

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حرف الهاء

Ha'/ هـ

how to write Ha'

Same as the /H/ english sound

when Ha' Comes at the end of a word 

it's written in two ways depending on the preceding letter

Ha' at the end

1- for [Alif,Dal,Thal, Ra', Zai, Waw]

Ha' written as

ha at the end

2-for the other letters it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Haram	هَرَم (Pyramid)	هَـ
	Hudjoom	هُجوم(Attack)	هُـ
	Hilal	هِلال(Crescent)	هِـ
	Nahr	نَهر(River)	هـ
	Lah	لًه(For him)	ـه
	Ra'ah	رآه(Saw him)	ه

حرف الواو

Waw / و

How to write waw

Same as the /W/ english sound

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Wafa'	وَفاء (trustfulness)	وَ
	Taqwa	تقوى(Piety)	و
	Wilada	وِلادة(Birth)	و

حرف الياء

Ya' / ي

how to write Ya'

Same as the /Y/ english sound

How to write Ya' at the beginning

When Ya' comes at the beginning of a word , it's written as

EXAMPLES

Listen	Pronunciation	Arabic word	Letter
	Yameen	يَمين (Right)	يـ
	Yasmeen	ياسمين(jasmin)	يـ
	Nafees	نَفيس(precious)	يـ
	Nafe	نَفي(Negative)	ي

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