Git Installation

• Windows: Download and install Git from https://git-scm.com/downloads.
• MacOS: brew install git
• Debian-based Linux: apt-get install git
• Arch-based Linux: pacman -S git

Copy an existing remote repository

1. Clone a remote repository.
   • Select a local folder to copy the repository into, or create a new folder if you prefer. The repository will be copied as a subdirectory of the selected folder.
   • At a command or terminal prompt, navigate to the selected folder.
   • Clone the repository using the command:
     git clone URL_TO_REPO. See also: git pull and git fetch

Create a local repository

1. Initialize a folder for Git.
   • Select a local folder to add to Git, or create a new folder if you are starting a new project.
   • At a command or terminal prompt, navigate to the selected folder.
   • Initialize the folder using the command:
     git init

Make Local Changes and Update remote Repositories

Add local changes.

1. Stage files.
   • Add files to the folder or modify existing files.
   • Add new and modified files to the git staging area using the command:
     git add .^[1] or git add some_modified_file.txt or git add -A
2. Commit changes.
   • Commit changes into the local repository using the command:
     git commit -m "<some message>"
3. Connect to a remote repository.
   • Connect to a remote repository using the command:
     git remote add <name> <url>^[2]
4. Push changes to a remote repository.
   • Push changes from your local repository to a remote repository using the command:
     git push^[3] or git push origin master or git push -h origin master

Retrieve Remote Changes

• Pull/get changes from a remote repository to have latest version of the code
  • Pull/get changes from a remote repository to your local repository using the command:

git pull or git pull <name> <branch>

git pull -v (for more verbose output)

git fetch

gfind $1 -name ".git" | gsed -r 's|/[^/]+$||' | parallel "echo {}; git -C {} pull" (git pull all your repos in parallel, MacOS version)

• Pull subdirectories:

ls | parallel git -C {} pull (assuming all sub-dirs are git repositories)^[4]

ls | parallel git -C {} fetch

-C <PATH> run as if git was started in <path> instead of the current working directory.

Repository information

• git remote -v or git remote show origin or git config --get remote.origin.url^[5]

Git log

• git log --oneline
• git log --pretty=format:"%h - %an, %ar on %cd: %s"
• Show modifications to a file:git log --follow -p FILE_TO_SHOW^[6] or git blame FILE_TO_SHOW
• git shortlog
• List developers: git shortlogs -sne^[7]

Git show

• git show 3c88ad72430

Tags / Releases

• Show all tags in git log:^[8] git log --no-walk --tags --pretty="%h %d %s" --decorate=full
• git tag (show releases)
• List tags with dates: git log --tags --simplify-by-decoration --pretty="format:%ci %d"^[9]. Just can also add taglog = log --tags --simplify-by-decoration --pretty='format:%ci %d' (note the single-, NOT double-quotes) in the [alias] section of your .gitconfig file.

Miscelaneous

• git log --decorate=full --simplify-by-decoration
• Print lines matching a pattern:git grep TEXT_TO_SEARCH
• git merge^[10]