Temperature measurements

There are 3 temperature measuring system

1. Degree Celcius, ${\displaystyle ^{o}C}$
2. Degree Kevin , ${\displaystyle ^{o}K}$
3. Degree Fahenheight , ${\displaystyle ^{o}F}$

Conversion between systems of temperature can be done as shown below

Convert from	to '	Formulas
Degree Fahrenheit	Celsius	°C = (°F – 32) / 1.8
Degree Celsius	Fahrenheit	°F = °C × 1.8 + 32
Degree Kevin	Kelvin	K = (°F – 32) / 1.8 + 273.15

Standard temperatures

Standard temperature	Value
Room temperature	${\displaystyle 25^{o}C}$
Boiling temperature	${\displaystyle 100^{o}C}$
Frozen temperature	${\displaystyle 0^{o}C}$

Heat absortion of matter

• Matter of dark color absorbs more heat energy than matter of bright color
• Matter of thin dimension absorbs more heat energy than matter of thich dimension

For example

Dark and thin clothes dry faster than bright and thick clothes

Heat Transfer

A process of heat interaction with matter through 3 phases of

Heat flow

Heat flows between 2 objects of different mass follows heat flow rule that heat flows from high temperature to low temperature

Heat energy absorb by mass 1

${\displaystyle Q_{1}=m_{1}cT_{1}}$

Heat energy absorb by mass 2

${\displaystyle Q_{2}=m_{2}cT_{2}}$

Direction of heat flow

${\displaystyle T_{1}>T_{2}}$

${\displaystyle Q_{1}-Q_{2}=m_{1}cT_{1}-m_{2}cT_{2}=(m_{1}-m_{2})c(T_{1}-T_{2})}$

${\displaystyle T_{2}>T_{1}}$

${\displaystyle Q_{2}-Q_{1}=m_{2}cT_{2}-m_{1}cT_{1}=(m_{2}-m_{1})c(T_{2}-T_{1})}$