658

INDEX Ghibellines, 350, 364 Ghiberti, 603 Ghirlandajo, 605 Gian Galeazzo, see Visconti Gibbon, Edward, 115, 128 Gibraltar, 19, 135, 179, 188, 304, 394 Gilbert of England, 387 Gild houses, 339, 599 Gilds, Roman, 35, 331; medieval, 327; merchant, 330; of artisans, 331-36, 340; Venetian, 344; Lombard, 347- 48; Tuscan, 354; French, 362, 494; Parisian, 363; of Bruges, 366-67; German, 368; scholastic, 390; plays given by, 409; Black Death and, 515; Italian, 577, 584, 604; of Liege, 618 Giotto, 432, 598, 601-02, Girls, singing-, 184; dancing-, 320 Gladiators, 33, 38, 126, 132 Glanville, Ranulf, 476 Glarus, 542 Glass, 234, 339, 388; and see Stained glass Gloss and glossators, 377, 381 Gnosticism, 102 God, 3, 51, 66, 69-70, 97-100, 102, 106, 145, 158, 160, 163, 174-75, 183, 206, 208, 287, 299, 312, 323, 380, 382, 404, 413, 416, 429, 440, 442-43, 449-50, 455-56, 564, 635 Godfrey of Bouillon, 314, 318 Godwine, Earl of Wessex, 276 Gog and Magog, 549 Goidels, 398 Golden Bull, 533, 539, 547 Golden Fleece, Order of, 617-18 Golden Horde, 549, 551, 556, 608 Goldsmiths, 598, 604 Gonzaga, House of, 580 "Good-for-nothing" kings, 192-93 Good Parliament, 522 Gorm, the Old, King of Denmark, 218 Gospel and Gospels, chap, vi, 166, 210,442,449,455 Gothia, Marquis of, 272 Gothic architecture, 16, 147, 401, 418, 420, 423-33, 487, 513, 586, 599, 601, 622 Gothic History, of Jordanes, 127 Gothk language, 55, 398 Goths, 54-55, 58, 93, 96, 119, 633; and see East Goths, West Goths Gotland, island of, 369, 543 Government, Roman, 27, 68, 70, 75, 78, 80; early German, 47-50; no- madic, 57; ecclesiastical, 102, 105, !55t 198; of German kingdoms, 117, 120-22, 169-70; of Justinian, 129, 131, 140, 149; Mohammedan, 178, 181, 186-87; Frankish, 192-94, 202- 04, 206-07; its disintegration, 219, 225-26, 232-33, 256; of feudal pe- riod, 257-59, 264, 268-69; Norman, 275, 277; self-, 307-08, 335, 538, 578; municipal, 334~36, 342-54, chap, xix; growth of national, 457, 459-60, 472, chaps, xxv, xxvi, 518- 27; lack of imperial, 536; in Renais- sance Italy, 576-86; at close of the Middle Ages, chap, xxxiii Grain supply, 35, 126, 141, 149-50 Grammar, 124, 158, 168, 211, 375, 378, 590-OI Granada, 189, 304-05, 453, 630-31 Grand jury, 477-78 ' Granson, battle of, 621 Gratian, Roman Emperor, 76, 78, 95 Gratian, monk at Bologna, 295, 377- 78, 382 Great Britain, 10, 261 ; and see British Isles Great Charter, see Magna Carta Great Council, see Council Great Khan, see Khan Great Mother, worship of, 64 Great Schism, 565-68, 575 Great Wall of China, 548 Greece, 4, 11, 19-25, 36, 60-61, 67, 80, 151, 172, 217, 310, 328, 453, 466, 553-54, 558, 59i Greek, alphabet, letters of the, 44, 55 Greek art, 21, 23-25, 32~33, 66, 600, 603 Greek Church, 135; and see Church, Eastern Greek civilization, 20-26, 39-40, 46- 47, 53-54, 60-61, 78, 152, 217, 249, 310 Greek Empire, 87, 465, 553 ; and see Byzantine Greek language, 10, 21, 23, 44, 53, 151, 154, 164, 210-11, 407, 590-93 Greek literature, 9, 21, 65-66, 113, 148, 166, 404, 590-92 Greek monasteries, 1 1 1 Greek mythology, 21, 45, 407 Greek race, 52 Greek philosophy and science, 21-22, 62, 379, 388, 390, 393, 397, 587, 589 Greek, translations of, 96, 182-83, 378, 384-86 Greeks, medieval, 14, 177, 181, 196, 345, 383 Greenland, 223-24, 395, 453 Gregorian chants, 158 Gregorian reforms, 308 Gregory the Great, Pope, 113, chap. ix, 175, 207, 222, 233, 283, 373 Gregory II, 195-96 Gregory VI, 286 Gregory VII, (Hildebrand), 286-