INDEX

643 ond House of, 471-72, 496-97, 553, 586, 625-26, 633-34 Annals, 163, 199, 222, 375 Annates, 560 Anne, Duchess of Brittany, 626, 634 Anno, Archbishop of Cologne, 287 Anonymousness, of Chansons de geste, 403; of medieval architects, 416; of medieval sculptors, 601 Ansbach, 540 Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, 293, 380 Anselm of Laon, 380-81 Anthemius, praetorian prefect, 80 Anthemius of Tralles, 129 Anthropology, 3-5, 9 Antichrist, 549, 564 Antioch, 23, 143, 150, 308, 316, 318- 19; Patriarch of, 102, 156, 190 Antipopes, see Schism Antiquity, romances of, 407 Antony, St., 109-10, 112 Apennines, 17, 80, 166, 353~54 Apocryphal scriptures, 101 Apollinare, see Sant' Apollinaris, see Sidonius Apollo, 113 ApologivSts, Christian, 104, 106 Apostolic poverty, 100, 443, 448, 451, 561, 563, 569 Apostolic see, see Papacy Apostolic succession, 107 Appanages, 507, 624-25 Appeals to Rome (papal court), 295, 297-98, 463, 518, 573 Appenzell, 542 Apprentices, 33i~33, 338-39, 39», 515, 604, 618 Apse, 146, chap, xxii Apuleius, 63, 66, 74 Apulia, 226, 302, 468 Aqueducts, 32, 73, 755 Aquileia, Archbishop of, 134 Aquinas, Thomas, 385-86, 411, 413, 451, 590 Aquitaine or Aquitania, 93, 118, 179, 198, 200, 212-13, 267, 272, 278, 321, 405, 457, 492, 627 Arabia, Arabic, and Arabs, 7, 14, 40, 151, chap, x, 192-94, 196, 199-200, 212, 218, 224, 227, 229, 308-09, 320, 324, 328, 369, 373, 376, 383-88, 393, 397, 407, 4io, 469, 611 Arabian Nights, 182 Arabian poetry, 172-73, 182, 184-85^ 189 Arabic numerals, 183, 386 Aragon, 14, 273, 303-05, 357, 404^5, 410, 445, 448, 455-56, 471, 488, 497, 508, 566, 574, 586, 630-34, 636 Aral Sea, 55- 56 Aramaic, 182 Arbogast, 77-78 Arcadius, Roman Emperor, 78, 80 Arch, round, 32, 144, 420, 424, 600; pointed, 424-26, 430-31, 601 Arch of Constantine, 66 Archaeology, 3-5, 41-42 Archbishop, 102, 114, 280, 375-76, 394, 436-37, 456-60, 481, 534; and see Aquileia, Bordeaux, Canter- bury, Cologne, Dalmatia, Magde- burg, Mainz, Milan, Narbonne, Prague, Ravenna, Rheims, Treves, York Archdeacon, 286, 295, 437, 484, 562 Architecture, ancient, 20; Greek, 21; Roman, 32-33, 418-19, 424, 599- 601; early Christian, 82-83; early medieval, 26; the first Serbian churches, 152; southern France, 271; Italian municipal, 353-54; German, 369; English, 487; Renais- sance, 587, 599-601, 605-07; and see Byzantine, Gothic, Romanesque, basilica, cathedral, house, mosque Archpriest, 438 Arena, see Amphitheater Argonautic expedition, 407 Argonne, 364 Argos, 79 Arians, 55, 102, 105, 107, III, 120, 124, 126, 135, 138 Ariosto, 593 Aristocracy, see Feudalism, Nobility, Oligarchy Aristotle, 22, 31, 125, 183, 379-80, 384^86, 411, 587, 589-90, 592 Arithmetic, 124-25 Aries, 90, 126 Aries, Kingdom of, 261, 271, 292, 538 Armagnac, Count of, 526, 625-26 Armagnacs, party of, 526, 531 Armenia, in, 177, 309, 455, 556 Armenia, Lesser or Little, 316, 344, 453, 550 Armenian language, 407 Armor, of Northmen, 218-20; feudal, 252; medieval manufacture of, 334; of Black Prince, 517; of Joan of Arc, 529; in sculpture, 604 Army, Spartan, 25; Roman, 27-29, 61, 68-70, 75, 99; early German, 47-48; barbarian troops in Roman and Byzantine service, 77-79, 86, 91, 133, 172; size of invading German armies, 119; Justinian's, 138, 149; Lombard, 170; Frankish, 202-04; Norse soldiers of adventure, 217, 301; Anglo-Saxon, 220-21; feudal, 239, 242, 251-52, 257, 276-77 ; Cape- tian, 267, 492; crusading, 311, 314-