THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.

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84. ali, ditch=āLi; R. al., to be deep. 85. a lu (=āla, as suffix), possessing= ălu. No. 82. 86. al u-zálu, water-vessel; R. fil, to poss ess, contain.

[AUGUST 2, 1872.

8. Alipaka, dog=wanderer; or barker; conf. the forms under No. 11.

9. A lip aka, cuckoo-crier. 10. Alipaka, bee=No. 6. 11. A lim a ka, alimpaka, alimbaka, frog=

87. a v u ka, father=avva-i-ka. Avva, auva, uow means “mother,” although its form allows

crier; or player. 12. A lim a ka, the stamina of a lotus flower–

also the meaning “father;” cf. No. 34. The R. av

Tamil alli. For these two words R. al may be— R. il–R. nil, to be placed, stand. Cf. Tamil al, there=Canareseal, alli; Tamil il, there=Ca narese (il) illi, here; Tulu il, house. A noun of

means, 1, to hide, put close together, press; 2 to shake; 3, to excel (?). Supplement to Al. A very rich Dravidian root (the branches of

which appear, as it seems, in ir, il, ul, ol, oll, ôl, hol, pol, àr, al, al) is al (āl, fin, all): I. To go from place to place; to flow; to be dissolved ; move about, play, be occupied, wan

der about; to be shaken, beaten; to be fatigued (in body or spirit); to be humbled, poor, disre

Dravidian roots is formed by adding to a root al, ana, ana, probably meaning “state,” the Ger

man “zustand.” For the possibility of 1 being changed into n, cf. also ani-alankāra.

13. A 1 p a, little=being humbled, depressed (part-present of al); the possibility, however, of the word being related to halavu I should not like to exclude; See No. 50 above.

spected; (medial: alas, to fatigue one's self, to 14. a la–No. 1 (cf. filäkta ?)

be weary.) II. To sound, cry; (medial: ālis, to make sound for one's self, to listen). III.

To be complete, sufficient, useful, meat

bright, full, blown, large, extended, abounding (covering 7), powerful, violent. IV. (to cover?), to be dark (or shady? conf.

fil-mara or à l'a-mara, extending, outspread or shady tree, the Banian tree). V. (to be agitated or expanded with mental

emotion,) to rejoice, be glad, (to be fond of). VI. (to go into, be attached to,) to join, con nect, knit, net, (to make meshes or stiches); to be entangled. VII. (to be located). 1. A 1 a, āla, spawn, or fluids sputtered out

by venomous creatures*=Tamil fila, water, rain, (Canarese—ali, file, fine), poison, cf. Tamil—álála poison ; and Sanskrit—halá, halāhala, hālā, hâla hála, hālāhala, hālahala. 2. A 1 a, sting of a scorpion; scorpion (also ali, alin)=the beater or stinger. Here, how ever, al may have the meaning “to be pointed,” which meaning may be inferred from alug, alag, blade or point of a weapon; cf. ala. 3. Al akā, young girl=the playful, bright or rejoicing female. Alaka, curl=what is knit. 4. A l as a, ālasa, fatigue, indolence. 5. Ali, cuckoo; crow-crier.

6. Ali, bee-hummer; or wanderer (conf. bhramara.) 7. A lik a, alika, forehead; heaven=expanse (cf. višâla-bhāla).

15. al āv art an a (āl or āla + fivartana), an umbrella that is used also as a fan=ála-pattala, ālavatta, expansion-fan (shade-fan). The transla tion is given as if fivartana (vartana) were the mother of pattala and patta.

16. al ā sya, alligator=large-mouth; or (ac cording to Dravidian āl pidivan, man-catcher) man-mouth (a mouth that takes a man in). 17. a li–āli, fili, extension, line, lineage. Cf. Dravidian Óli, line, mass, of which ävali, fivali may have been derived. 18. fili, bee–āli, fili, No. 6.

19. ali, scorpion=āli, fili, No. 2. 20. ali, female friend=āli, fili. The first meaning probably “a play-mate.” Cf. No. 3.

21. a lina, ālinaka, lead (though being ex plainable by ä + li)=ála, fluid, (what easily goes into the state of a fluid), lead. cf. No. 1. 22. a lu, owl=sounder, howler.

23. alu, bulbous root.

In Canarese pota

toes are called ålu-gadde, gadde=lump, bulbous

root; the meaning of this filu, though certainly Dravidian, I have not been able to ascertain.

People say it is hålu, juice, milk;

and the

reason for their saying so is their knowledge, that Tamulians, when using a Canarese word be ginning with h, often drop this letter, though they have the letter p as substitute in their own language. I am, however, inclined to think that ălu is, as the Sanscrit goes to show, in its meaning equal to vér, root, from R. vir, to ex

tend itself–R.al, Nos. I. and III. alu-gadde=

• Has the Dravidian hel pel, ordure, had any influence upon the meaning? $n Tulu p 3 r milk.