BOOKS OF REFERENCE

563

and 69,120 wage-earuers ; they used raw material costing 117,888,000 dollars, and gave an output valued at 220,746,000 dollars. They are connected chiefly with the products of the forests, agriculture, grazing, fisheries, and mining. The 1910 census showed the most important industries to be : —

Industries

Capital

Wage- earners

Cost of material

Value of Output

Dollars

Number

Dollars

Dollars

Lumber and timber

07,224,000

43,749

30,879,000

89,155,000

Flour and grist .

11,077,000

044

15,474,000

17,853,000

Slaughtering and packing .

5,103,000

S28

13,760,000

15,654,000

Foundry and machine work

9,307,000

2,439

3,724,000

7,988,000

Fish canning and preserving

7,355,000

2,029

5,040,000

9,595,000

Railway car works

3,206.000

2,710

2,484,000]

4,666,000

Dairy products .

2,277,000

735

5,676,000

7,721,000

Gas

13,978,000

4C5

601,000

1,684,000

At the Puget Sound ports, including Seattle, Taconia and Port Townsend, in the year 1911, the imports amounted to 7,394,564^., and the exports to 10,005,371?.

The railways within the State had, in 1910, 4,333 ndles (main track), besides 900 miles of electric railway. The principal railways operating in tlie State are the Northern Pacific Company and subsidiary companies, Great Northern Railway Company, Oregon Railway and Navigation Company, the Bellingham Bay and British Columbia Company, the Columbia and Puget Sound Railroad Company, the Tacoma Eastern Railroad Company and the Spokane and British Columbia Railroad Company ; the Chicago, Milwaukee, and Puget Sound ; the Union Pacific, and the North Coast Railways each have a terminus at Seattle.

Steamers ply on the Columbia and other rivers. The Dalles and Celito Canal will open the Columbia and Snake Rivers to river navigation to a length of 570 miles from the ocean. Several lines of steamers sail regularly to ports on the Pacific coast, to Japan and China, the Philippines, and other eastern countries, and to Europe. At the Puget Sound ports the traffic facilities, both railway and shipping, are being multiplied.

There are British Vice-Consuls at Port Townsend, Seattle and Tacoma.

Books of Reference.

state of Washington : Its Resources, &c. Olympia, 1907.

Census Bulletins, No. 49. Census of Manufactures, 1905. "Washington, D.C., 1906.

Biennial Reports of the various Executive Departments of the State. Olyrapia.

Reports of the State Geological Survey. 2 vols. Biennial. Olympia.

Irrigation Work of Wa.shingfon, Olympia, 1910.

History of the Expedition under the command of Lewis and Clark. New York, 1893.

History of the Pacific North-West. Portland, Oregon, 1889.

School Laws. State Constitution. Olympia, 1905.

Bancroft (H. H.), History of the North-West Coast. San Francisco.

Fountain (P.), The Eleven Eaglets of the West. London, 1906.

HiiAvthorn(JuUa.\i), History of Washington. New York, 1893.

Hines (H. K.), Illustrated History of Washington. Chicago, 1893.

Meany (E. S.), History of the State of Washington. London, 1909.

Schafer (J.), History of the Pacific North West. New York, 1905.

Stevens (Udz^rd), Life of Isaac Ingalls Stevens. Boston, Mass., 1900.

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