of Queen Wilhelmina (Queen-mother as regent).

1894. Insurrection in Lomhok (Netherlands India).

1895–1902. Insurrection in Sumatra (Achin).

1898. Coronation of the Queen.

1899. Marriage of the Queen to Duke

1889. Death of King Luis I; accession of King Carlos.

1889–90. Dispute with Great Britain over East African territories; submission of Portugal; agreement.

1904. Portuguese-Dutch boundary in Timor settled by treaty.

1908. Assassination of the King and Crown Prince; accession of King Manuel.

1910. Revolution and proclamation of

1864. End of war in the Caucasus.

1865. Turkestan created a province.

1866. Break with Pope owing to treatment of Polish clergy.
First trial by jury held.
War in Bokhara.

1867. Remains of Polish nationality abolislied by decree; amnesty for Poles; Russian-American territory (Alaska) sold to U.S.A.

1868. Samarkand taken.

1871. Conference for revision of Franco-Prussian treaty of 1856 which was not agreed to by Russia; Black Sea clauses deleted.

1873. Expeditions to Khiva, which surrendered.

1875. War with Khokand; Baltic provinces previously governed as province now brought under direct imperial administration.

1876. Khokand annexed.

1877. Russo-Turkish war.

1878. Peace of San Stefano; conference of European powers at Berlin; Balkh occupied; general disaffection towards government.

1879. Martial law established; expedition against Tekke Turkomans; various attempts to assassinate Czar Alexander II.

1880. Scheme for reform of the administration; many Nihilists executed.

1881. Czar assassinated; accession of Alexander III.
End of war with Tekke Turkomans; reforms promised; treaty with Persia.

1883. Finland granted almost complete autonomy.

1885. Russian attack on Afghans; Afghan boundary settled.

1890. Trans-Siberian railway authorised; completed 1899.

1894. Persecution in Lithuania; Imperial Committee of control subject to himself created by Czar; death of Czar; accession of Nicholas II.

1895. Russo-Persian boundary settled; agreement with England about Pamirs.

1898. Lease of Port Arthur granted by China.

1899. Severe measures against Jews; military service imposed on students; "Russification" in Finland.

1900. Banishment to Siberia much reduced; anti-Semitic riots.

1901. Famines; further student riots; great unrest and distress.

1903. Kishinev atrocities; risings against Jews; many riots.

1904. Strained relations with Japan; Russo-Japanese war; attack on Port Arthur; Battle of Liao-yang; Disturbances in Poland and elsewhere.

1905. Fall of Port Arthur; peace with Japan; riots and anarchy general; fighting between Tartars and Armenians; repressive measures; constitutional senate appointed in Finland, after serious disturbances.

Sweden and Norway; accession of Oscar II.

1884. Crown Prince made Viceroy Norway.

1890–1905. Disagreements of Norway with Sweden on conditions of union.

1905. Union dissolved; kingdom of Norway recognised by Sweden after referendum and conference; Prince Charles of Denmark elected as King Haakon VII of Norway.

1907. Treaty guaranteeing integrity of Norway by Great Britain, France, Germany, Russia; death of King Oscar II of Sweden; accession of

1864. War with Peru (peace, 1866).

1865. Santo Domingo abandoned; war with Chile (ended 1866); military insurrection in Spain.

1868. Further insurrections; General Prim forms provisional government;