COMMERCE

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The treaty of peace and commerce between England and Sweden of 1654 provides for "the most favoured nation" treatment between the two countries, and that of 1826 provides for similar treatment between the United Kingdom on the one hand, and Sweden and Norway on the other.

The imports and exports of Sweden have been as follows (1816 kronor = £1):—

Imports . Exports .

1906

Kronor

044,227,830 504,284,813

1907

Kronor

082,104,013 524,062,547

1908

Kronor

608,932,257 482,017,467

1909

Kronor 616,805,533 472,980,132

1910

Kronor

071,632,596 592,864,140

1911

Kronor

696,616,933 603,575,518

The following were the values of the leading imports and exports for two years : —

Textile manufactures

Corn and flour

Colonial wares

Raw textile material and yarn Minerals, of imports mostly coal . Metal goods, machinery, &c. . Live animals and animal food . Hair, hides, and other animal pro- ducts

Metals, raw and partly wrought Timber, wrought and unwrought . Paper and paper manufactui'es Other articles . - . . ,

Total

Imports 1910

Kronor

59,494,389 55,291,320 47,578,919 66,708,376 87,920,189 67,492,187 24,088,090

40,414,044 36,444,449 15,124,113

3,078,037 107,333,477

Exports 1910

Kronor

2,679,047

1,093,459

461,733

2,237,980

58,028,162

59,087,492

70,023,109

10,597,420 58,400,833 264,736,479 32,227,720 33,290,034

671,032,590 592,864,140 (36,984,173?. )!(32,e46,704L)

Imports 1911

Kronor 63,167,270 78,100,431 59,479,332 63,927,089 89,402,824 74,453,071 22,999,372

40,303,072

36,792,219

15,080,909

4,198,426

178,652,312

696,616,933 (38,359,963/.

Exports 1911

Kronor

2,723,425

5,514,314

988,452

2,424,791

69,044,990

70,612,961

87,573,646

15,946,989 58,995,745 274.137,980 33,971,831 41,690,388

063,575,518 540,502J.)

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The values of imports and exports are calculated according to average prices in Swedish port, exclusive of Customs duties. For most of these average prices merchants are consulted by the Board of Trade (Kommers-Kollegium), and the values thus obtained are published in the Board's annual report on commerce. The quantities in the Custom returns are most exactly given for imports. For the quantities of exports the state- ments of exporters are relied on. Imports are recorded as from the country of con- signment, and exports as to the country of ultimate destination.

A new Swedish tariff law came into effect December 1, 1911. It provides for a single tariff instead of the maximum and minimum tariffs now in effect, and authorizes the Government to retaliate for discrimination against Swedish products by imposing surtaxes up to 100 per cent, of duty on dutiable goods, and up to the full value of the goods in the case of articles admitted free of duty under the tariff.

A national Swedish trade-mark was introduced (1911) by Sveriges Allmanna Handelsforening (General Commercial Association of Sweden). The upper half of the mark shows the three royal Swedish crowns, on a light-blue ground, and the words "Svensk Tillverkning " (Swedish manufacture) are shown on a light-yellow ground below.

The following table shows the value countries with which Sweden deals : —

of the trade with the principal

4 N