AREA AND POPULATION

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of all parish, municipal, and provincial administration ; so also in the Dorpat University, which was deprived in December 1889 of its privileges of self- government, and the gymnasia in 1890. The town of Dorpat has received the name of Yuriev, and the seat of the administration of the Baltic Educa- tional District has been transferred to Riga. In April, 1893, new Committees for peasants' affairs were introduced, with the same powers as in Russian Governments.

Area and Population

I. Progkess and Present Condition.

The Russian Empire comprises one-seventh of the land-surface of the globe. Its area, without internal waters, is, since the treaty of Ports- mouth, 8,417,118 English square miles (19,155,5877 square verstes).

Until 1897 there have been but various enumerations of the popula- tion called revisions. On January 28 (February 9) 1897, a census was taken over the whole of the Empire (with; the excejjtion of the Grand-Duchy of Finland). Comparing the items of the census with the figures of the 1856-59, it appears that the population of the Empire has increased by 74 per cent. The largest increases took place in the capitals (270 p.c. in St. Petersburg); South Russia comes next (207 p.c. in Kherson, 170 p.c. in Yekaterinoslav, 137 p.c. in Taurida). The increase in other parts of the Empire appears as follows : — North-West Russia, from 56 to 73 p.c. ; Baltic Provinces, 25 to 58 p.c. ; White Russia and Lithuania, 77 (Kovno) to 130 (Minsk) p.c. ; Poland, 117 p.c. ; Caucasus (without annexations) 95 p.c. ; Siberia, 130 p.c.

The rapidity of growth of the population of the Empire (its acquisition being included in the figures of population) is seen from the following : —

Year 1722 1762 1796 1815

Population 14,000,000 19,000,000 36,000,000 45,000,000

Year

1835 1859 1897 1911

Population

60,000,000

74,000,000

129,209,297

167,003,400

The population of 1911 was estimated as follows by the Central Statistical Committee on the basis of the census of 1897 and the yearly increase of the population : —

European Russia

Poland .

Caucasus

Siberia

Central Asian Provinces

Finland

Total Russian Empire

120,588,000 12,467,300 12,037,200

8,719,200 10,107,300

3,084,400

167,003,400

4 G 2