FEDERAL FINANCE

1043

2,499 with 152,917 pupils (81,947 boys and 70,970 girls). In 1912 the system of primary education was to be extended so as to reach the native population.

In 1904 there were the National Library, with 180,000 volumes, and 138 other public libraries. There were in that year 34 museums for scientific and educational purposes, and 11 meteorological observatories. The number of periodicals published was 459, of which 439 were in Spanish, 12 in English, 5 in Spanish and English, 2 in Italian, 1 in French.

The judicial power, which is entirely distinct from and independent of the executive, consists of the Supreme Court, with 15 judges chosen for a period of six years, three Circuit Courts, with 3 judges, and District Courts, with 32 judges.

The Ordinary, Civil, Criminal, and Correctional Courts are controlled by the Department of Justice and Public Instruction.

Federal Finance.

The ordinary receipts and expenditure for five years have been :-

Receipts

Expenditure

Dollars

Dollars

1907-08 .

. 111,771,867 .

. 93,177,441

1908-09 .

. 98,775,511 .

. 92,967,393

1909-10 .

. 106,328,485 .

. 95,028,650

1910-11 .

. 111,142,401 .

. 100,913,923

1911-12 .

. 103,557,000 .

. 103,602,401

The following are the budget estimates of revenue and expenditure for the year 1912-13 (1 dollar = about 2s. OU.) :—

Revenue

Expenditure

Dollars

Dollars

Import (luticri

. 17,500,000

Leyislative power . . . 1,262,255

Export duties

135,000

Executive ,,

254,749

Dues and fees

. 2,802,500

Judicial ,,

697,147

Stamps, Excise, &c.

. 32,375,000

Foreign Affairs

2,038,287

Direct taxes .

. 12,530,000

Home Department

13,503,450

Posts and telegraphs .

. 7,250,000

Justice .

1,905,263

Various ....

0,305,000

Instruction . Fomento Public Works . Finance . War and Marine

7,825,164

4,082,534

13,527,754

35,062,570

28,181,785

Total .

. 109,257,500 (10,025, 750Z.)

109,215,944 10,924,594/.)

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The estimated revenue for 1913-14 was 129,088,257 dollars, and the expenditure 128,894,980 dollars.

On December 31, 1911, the outstanding gold debt amounted to 30,117,636Z., including the City of Mexico loan; silver debt, 136,726,367 dollars; floating debt, 482,574 dollars. Estimated debt charge in 1912-13 was 25,804,615 dollars.

The fiscal value of property in Mexico in 1905 is given as follows : — Urban, 295,922,243 dollars; rural, 511,782,480 dollars; Federal District, 280,368,241 dollars; total, 1,088,072,965 dollars; the fiscal value being taken as one-third less than^the actual value.

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