Mongoloid Population of Ladakh.— The population of Ladakh and Baltistan is Mongoloid, but the Baltis (72,439) have accepted Islam and polygamy, while the Ladakhis have adhered to Buddhism and polyandry.

Ethnological theories.— In The People of India the late Sir Herbert Risley maintained that the inhabitants of Rajputana, nearly the whole of the Panjab, and a

Fig. 34. Map showing races.

large part of Kashmir, whatever their caste or social status, belonged with few exceptions to a single racial type, which he called Indo-Aryan. The Biluches of Dera Ghazi Khan and the Pathans of the N.W.F. Province formed part of another group which he called Turko-Iranian. The people of a strip of territory on