298 NEW BOOKS.

Anatomy and Physiology in Character. An Inquiry into the Anatomical Conformation and the Physiology of some of its Varieties ; with a Chapter on Physiology in Human Affairs in Education, Vocation, Morals and Progress. By FURNEAUX JORDAN, F.K.C.S. London : Kegan Paul, Trench & Co., 1886. Pp. xi., 185. The author puts forth as the result of long observation a classification of men and women into three types the " shrewish," the "non-shrewish," and the " intermediate " or mixed. Of these the second is not merely the negation of the first, but is a distinct type. After a chapter on "Physiology in Human Affairs" (c. i.), and an account of some characteristics of " assaulted wives in hospitals," in which the " clue to character " that is the starting-point of the inquiry was discovered (c. ii.), he goes on to describe the physiological characters of "the shrewish woman," "the shrewish man," " the non-shrewish woman," and " the non-shrewish man " (cc. iii.-vi.), and " the Anatomy of Shrewish and Non-shrewish Persons " (c. vii.). Then follow some " Observations on the Physiology of Shrewishness" (c. viii.) and a "Note on Shrewishness and Non-shrewish- ness in Literature." The words " shrew," " non-shrew," &c., the author says, " are used in these pages with great reluctance. They would not be used at all if any other words conveyed the meaning which they are intended to convey. They are not used as nicknames, not even as words of disparagement ; they are used in a strictly scientific sense, to denote special phases of character, and the union of such special phases with certain anatomical and physiological peculiarities " (p. 63). As a consequence of the knowledge gained, "human intelligence and human volition " may " interfere in the evolutionary process " to the great advantage of the race, if, " by common consent, shrewish men and women," for reasons explained at length, are " left out in the marriage arrangement ". Perhaps the author has not considered carefully enough, for one thing, whether his classification of human types is exhaustive, but the book is full of varied interest. Scottish Metaphysics reconstructed in accordance with the Principles of Physical Science. By the Writer of " Free Notes on Herbert Spencer's First, Principles ". Edinburgh and London : W. Blackwood & Sons, 1887. Pp. xiv., 244. This treatise, setting forth the kind of theory described in its title on the basis of a criticism of Hamilton's Metaphysics, is not a happy perform- ance in point of style, but yet appeared to call for some amount of detailed notice. This is only deferred. English Composition and Rhetoric. Enlarged Edition. Part First. " In- tellectual Elements of Style." By ALEXANDER BAIN, LL.D., Emeritus Professor of Logic in the University of Aberdeen. London : Long- mans, Green & Co., 18/7. Pp. xix., 310. On Teaching English : With detailed Examples, and an Enquiry into the Definition of Poetry. Same Author, Publishers, &c. Pp. xiii., 256. The author's Rhetoric, first published in 1866, is being subjected to a radical transformation, to be completed by the publication later on of another volume, as Part Second, dealing exclusively with the "Emotional Qualities of Style". While the work in its original form bore abundant traces of the psychologist's hand, these have now become much more deeply marked both in the general disposition of the two Parts and in the details of the exposition, yet without prejudice to the book's fitness as a manual