ROE'S JOURNAL AS AMBASSADOR 73

and trafique are incompatible. By my consent, you shall no way engage yourselves but at sea, wher you are like to gayne as often as to loose. It is the beggering of the Portugall, notwithstanding his many rich residences and territoryes, that hee keepes souldiers that spendes it; yet his garrisons are meane. He never profited by the Indyes since hee defended them. Observe this well. It hath beene also the error of the Dutch, who seeke Plantation heere by the sword. They have a woonder- full stocke, they proule in all Places, they Posses some of the best; yet ther dead Payes consume all the gayne. Lett this bee received as a rule that if you will Profitt, seeke it at Sea, and in quiett trade; for without contro- versy it is an error to affect Garrisons and Land warrs in India." Roe's journal is perhaps better known than any simi- lar work on India; but it is extremely limited in its scope. It deals almost exclusively with the court and the ambassador's audiences with the emperor, and with the political intrigues of the time, but of the state of the country it reveals little. As a record of court life, however, it forms an admirable complement to Haw- kins' narrative. Sir Thomas was admitted to the king's privacy almost with the freedom which the seaman en- joyed. Indeed, Jahangir seemed to be unable to dis- tinguish between an ambassador and a buccaneer, and entertained his excellency with a familiar joviality which severely tried the patience of the grave diploma- tist. He made him sneeze with his " strong drink," to the delight of the assembled court, and then fell asleep