30. 0
    	0	0
    	1
    0

    0
    1

    Let "persons" be Universe; ${\displaystyle m}$ = "Jews"; ${\displaystyle x}$ = "mad"; ${\displaystyle y}$ = "Rabbis".

    No ${\displaystyle m}$ are ${\displaystyle x}$; All ${\displaystyle y}$ are ${\displaystyle m}$.	${\displaystyle \scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}}$	∴ All ${\displaystyle y}$ are ${\displaystyle x^{\prime }}$.

    i.e. All Rabbis are sane.

31. 	1
    	0	0

    1

    Let "Things" be Universe; ${\displaystyle m}$ = "fish"; ${\displaystyle x}$ = "that can swim"; ${\displaystyle y}$ = "skates".

    No ${\displaystyle m}$ are ${\displaystyle x^{\prime }}$; Some ${\displaystyle y}$ are ${\displaystyle m}$.	${\displaystyle \scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}}$	∴ Some ${\displaystyle y}$ are ${\displaystyle x}$.

    i.e. Some skates can swim.

[See p. 54]