other cases, as in Peas and Beans (fig. 96) there is no division. The carpels of the Pæony open longitudinally (fig. 97).

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A capsule may open in different ways:

(a) At the extremity, by valves or teeth (as in the Pink) (fig. 98).

(b) By a lid, or pyxis, as in the Henbane four carpels, five carpels (the Geraniums), or a (fig. 99).

(c) By open pores, as in the Poppy (fig. 100.).

(d) By longitudinal clefts, as in the Meadow Saffron (fig. 101).

Among indehiscent seeds some divide longitudinally along the lines of the capsules, and are called schizocarps. Sometimes these split in two, as in the Fennel, or Sycamore; the latter divides into two winged seeds (fig. 102), called keys (like the single-winged seeds of the Ash-tree) or samaras.

In other plants the fruits split longitudinally into larger number (the Mallows).

Single indehiscent seeds are generally called nuts, achenes, or grains. The pericarp or outer integument is either woody or leathery, as in the Hazel-nut (fig. 103) and acorn (fig. 104); or the fruit is winged, as in the Elm (fig. 105) and Ash