EXAMPLES OF MEDIEVAL SEALS.

263 [Monogrammatic invocation.] (1) In nomine scae et INDIUIUUAE TllINITATIS ODO CLEMENTIA dI REX : llEOALIS CELSITUNIS* MOS est FIDELES REGNI SUI DONIS MULTIPLICIBUS ATQUE HONORiBus iNGENTiBus (2) lionorare sublimesque efficere : Nouerit igitur omnium fidelium scae di ecclesiae nrorumque ' tarn pracsentium quam & futiirorum sollcrtia. qra " placuit sercnitati nrae quendam fidclem nrm (3) nomine ricbodonem de quibusdam rebus nrae propria&atis lionorare. sunt autem eedem res in pago carnotensi sup fiuuium oduram in uilla gaugiaco mans ' in domi- nicatus ubi aspiciunt (4) mansa triginta unum quos p'dictus ricbodo in beneficium tenet. Hoc" itaque beneficium iam dicto fideli nro iure beneficiario & usu fructuario concedimus quatenns dum quilibet ricbodo & quando (5) quidcm do disponente nxorem duxerit & exinde filium procreaucrint & unus ex illis aduixerit. iam dictum beneficium teneant atque possideant nemine inquia&- ante. Unde hoc nrae celtitudinis ^ (G) praeceptum fieri & memo- rato fideli nro dari iussimus per quod p'cipimus atque iubemus ut ab liodierna die iam dictus fidelis nr ricbodo sup^' scriptum benefi- cium teneat nxorque (7) & filius eius dum aduixerint disponant usu quidem ut dictum est fructuario & iure beneficiarium ' omni tempore uitae suae eo siquidem tenore ut aliquis eorum in nra fidelitate semp (8) & defensione " pro eorum beneficio deseruiat. Et ut haec nrae largitionis concessio ita in omnibus conseru&ur atque uerius credatur anulo nro insigniri iussim. (9) Throhannus' notarius aduicem eblonis recognouit*. L. S. (10) dat xvi kt iut indict vii ^ Anno secundo regnante domno ^ Several examples of this abbreviated form are engraved in the Nonnaih Trait/- dc Diplomatique, torn, iv., pi. 7'2, p, 60(f. There is no doubt that originally it in- cluded the words hi Cliristi nomine, but by degrees it came to be an unmeaning flourish. See Silvestre's Paheograph//, English edition, vol. ii., pp. 458, 46."). ■' A mistake of the scribe for cdsiludinis, and so printed by Mabillon and Bouquet. ^ et nostrorum, in M. and B.

• quoniam.

' Printed mansus in M. and B. " Nos, M. and B. ^ celsitudinis, M. and B. ^ hcneficiario, M. and B. - devotioue, M. and B. •* Read Cro/iannus by Mabillon in his fac-simile, tab. xxxiv. According to the authors of the Gallia Christiana, vol. viii., col. 1427, he is the same with Throannus, Bishop of Orleans. Mabillon, Suppl. p. . VOL. XI. 47, (1704) is of the .same opinion, but at p. 412, of his work (edit. 170.'>) he throws a doubt on this identity, apparently, with- out reason. In the charters of Odo, printed by Bouquet, Throannus appears as Notary or V ice-Chancellor from a.d. 888 to A.D. 892. De Wailly, Elements de Pcdeographie calls him Troannut or Rohannus, which last is erroneous.

• Ebonis, M. — Eblo or Ebles was chan-

cellor to Eudes, and abbot both of St. Germain des Pres and St. Denis. He died in 893. See Felibien, Hist, de St. Denis, p. 1 00, and De Wailly, i. p. 224. ^ rccoguovit et subscripsit, M. and B. In Mabillon's fac-simile the word is copied falsely reco'inoiiiets. The words et .snbscrip.vt are, in the original, included in the 2M>aplic or flourishes round the seal, written before the wax was applied. In Bouquet, it is conjectured that tiiis is an error for indict, vi.