59 THE AMERICA* JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY

100 percent.; arithmetic, 90 per cut., ami nature studies, 88 percent.; trade school, ~(> : a promotion through " amnesty " to the lower first

grade. In January he was advanced in arithmetic and to " H " class in language. He passed with good percentages, vi/., 95 per cent., 80 per cent., and -(> per cent. This now become a sustained record, and in May he was graduated. Manual training for this pupil shows its effectiveness, first, through regula- tion of the physical forces in his nature; second, through tool processes in which varied accurate movements are required which produced a mental awakening and appreciable ability to perform the arithmetic of his "set" classification ; third, the capability after graduation of sustained suscepti- bility to the usual reformatory influences to effect his release.

FINAL SUMMARY OF MANUAL TRAINING RESULTS.

(.KOfl'S I, II, AND III.

A.

N umber. Per cviil.

Total number of pupils enrolled 485

a Those withdrawn within three months for cause. ... 31 or 6.39

b Those too recently assigned for record 238 or 49.07

Those showing slight improvement 28 or 5.77

Those showing steady improvement, but not suffi- cient to graduate 19 or 3.92

Those showing no improvement and term of assign- ment from three to twenty-two months 95 or 19.59

Those graduated 74 or 1 5.26

485 or 100. B.

Number. Per cent.

Total number of actual pupils in attendance one year. . . .216

Those showing slight improvement 28 or 12.96

Those showing steady improvement, but not suffi- cient to graduate 19 or 8.80

Those showing no improvement and term of assign- ment from three to twenty- two months 95 or 43.98

Those graduated 74 or 34 .26

216 or 100. MFTHODS OF INSTRUCTION.

In the following pages on " Methods of Instruction" I have selected two subjects from those for each group, namely, drawing and sloyd wood work, from which to illustrate the tool opera- tions and their relations to mental and moral development of the selected defectives. For Group II, I have illustrated wood

turning and its special application for these control defectives.