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A HISTORY OF BOHEMIAN

LITERATURE

therefore it is very necessary to know the Holy Church through faith, for ignorance of the Church causes many errors among the people. Therefore be it known to you that the first Bohemian who translated the Greek word ecclesia misunderstood that word ; therefore he ' foolishly rendered it by the word ' church or ' chapel,' as if he believed that the bride of Christ was a church made of stone or a chapel made of wood. But had he translated the word ecclesia by ' congregation,' then so many would not have erred. Others, again, err, saying that the Pope is the Holy Church ; others, that it is the Cardinals with the Pope; while others, again, say all priests together, and yet others (say) all Christians together, constitute the Church. "Therefore be it known to you that all men from Adam to the last man form one congi'egation, which God has divided into two ; one division has been chosen (for salvation) from eternity, the other from eternity has been rejected, and it is known to God only which (division) each man belongs to. The first division is the universal community of saints, the second is the universal community of the damned. There can be no higher Church, according to God's will, than the firstIt contains all the good, and the named (community). other all the evil, and yet these two (divisions) constitute one community, one assembly, just as sheep and goats form one herd, although the sheep are always in a way

divided from the goats, and these from them. Therefore though ecclesia sometimes signifies a church of wood or stone, sometimes the Pope with the Cardinals, sometimes the priesthood generally, sometimes the whole community of Christians — as the Church of Prague may signify all Bohemians or a community only of good