maintained throughout the empire. He is accused of levying bribes from the provincial officers, and of screening eunuch scamps. But he gradually crushed the faction of Fêng Pao, and his own nominees were really able men. In 1577 he lost his father; but to the disgust of his rivals, the Emperor insisted on his retaining his post, and even made him act as go-between on the occasion of his Majesty's second marriage in 1578. In the following year Chang presented a Memorial on the necessity of balancing revenue and expenditure, and in 1580 he remeasured the arable land, and so increased the land-tax receipts. He was loaded with honours by the Emperor, who nevertheless in 1584 took away all his titles, confiscated his property, and published to the empire that he was arrogant and too fond of engrossing power.

42Chang Chün 張駿 (T. 公庭). A.D. 301–346. Son of Chang Shih, and successor to Chang Mao. He declined to call himself Prince of Liang^a, and nominally adhered to the Chin dynasty. He was an energetic and successful ruler, and greatly extended the domain of Liang. Canonised as 忠成. 43Chang Chün-fang 張君房. 7th cent. A.D. A native of Nan-yang in Honan, who flourished as a poet under the reigns of the Emperors T'ai Tsung and Kao Tsung of the T'ang dynasty. 44Chang Chün-fang 張君房. 10th and 11th cent. A.D. A native of 安陸 An-lu in Hupeh, who served under the Emperor Chên Tsung of the Sung dynasty. He was noted as a winebibber and a bibliophile. 45Chang Chung 張中 (T. 景華). 14th cent. A.D. A native of Lin-ch'uan in Kiangsi, who was fond of study in his youth, yet failed to take his degree. He then left his books and began roaming over the mountains, where he fell in with a magician who taught him the black art; after which he became eccentric in manner and took to wearing an iron