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One of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus, titled "the Less" to distinguish from James the Greater.
Western tradition (most notably Jerome) holds that James the Less was the same person as James the Just, the brother (ἀδελφος) of Jesus, but Eastern tradition and modern scholarship suggest that they were two different people. Some scholars believe they were three different people: James the Just, the apostle James, and a third individual known as James the Less.
Works
As one of the Twelve Apostles, James the Less has been traditionally attributed partial authorship of the following works:
Works about James the Less
- "St. James the Less," in Catholic Encyclopedia, (ed.) by Charles G. Herbermann and others, New York: The Encyclopaedia Press (1913)
- "James (New Testament)," in Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed., 1911)
Works by this author published before January 1, 1927 are in the public domain worldwide because the author died at least 100 years ago. Translations or editions published later may be copyrighted. Posthumous works may be copyrighted based on how long they have been published in certain countries and areas.