President-elect of the United States

President-elect of the United States is the title used for an incoming president of the United States between the general election on Election Day in November and noon Eastern Standard Time on Inauguration Day, January 20. During this time, the elected nominee is not in office yet.

Logo of President-elect during Biden-Harris transition
President-elect of
the United States
StyleThe Honorable
Term lengthThe period between the United States presidential election on Election Day in November, and Noon (Eastern Standard Time) on the following January 20, Inauguration Day
Inaugural holderGeorge Washington
April 6, 1789[1]
Websitewww.greatagain.gov

Since the election for U.S. president is not by popular vote, the title is used for the apparent winner.[2] The decision is finalized when votes of the Electoral College, cast in December, are counted by a joint session of Congress in early January.

If the current president has won re-election, they are not given the title of president-elect because he or she is already in office and not waiting to become president. If a new president is scheduled to enter, then the current-standing one is said to hold the office on a lame duck basis.[3]

List of presidents-elect
President–elect Party From To
1George Washington NonpartisanApril 6, 1789[4]April 30, 1789
2John Adams FederalistDecember 1796March 4, 1797
3Thomas Jefferson Democratic-RepublicanFebruary 17, 1801[5]March 4, 1801
4James Madison Democratic-RepublicanDecember 1808March 4, 1809
5James Monroe Democratic-RepublicanDecember 1816March 4, 1817
6John Quincy Adams Democratic-RepublicanFebruary 9, 1825[5]March 4, 1825
7Andrew Jackson DemocraticDecember 3, 1828March 4, 1829
8Martin Van Buren DemocraticDecember 7, 1836March 4, 1837
9William Henry Harrison WhigDecember 2, 1840March 4, 1841
10James K. Polk DemocraticDecember 4, 1844March 4, 1845
11Zachary Taylor WhigNovember 7, 1848March 4, 1849
12Franklin Pierce DemocraticNovember 2, 1852March 4, 1853
13James Buchanan DemocraticNovember 4, 1856March 4, 1857
14Abraham Lincoln RepublicanNovember 6, 1860March 4, 1861
15Ulysses S. Grant RepublicanNovember 3, 1868March 4, 1869
16Rutherford B. Hayes RepublicanMarch 2, 1877March 4, 1877
17James A. Garfield RepublicanNovember 2, 1880March 4, 1881
18Grover Cleveland DemocraticNovember 4, 1884March 4, 1885
19Benjamin Harrison RepublicanNovember 6, 1888March 4, 1889
20Grover Cleveland DemocraticNovember 8, 1892March 4, 1893
21William McKinley RepublicanNovember 3, 1896March 4, 1897
22William Howard Taft RepublicanNovember 3, 1908March 4, 1909
23Woodrow Wilson DemocraticNovember 5, 1912March 4, 1913
24Warren G. Harding RepublicanNovember 2, 1920March 4, 1921
25Herbert Hoover RepublicanNovember 6, 1928March 4, 1929
26Franklin D. Roosevelt DemocraticNovember 8, 1932March 4, 1933
27Dwight D. Eisenhower RepublicanNovember 4, 1952January 20, 1953
28John F. Kennedy DemocraticNovember 8, 1960January 20, 1961
29Richard Nixon RepublicanNovember 5, 1968January 20, 1969
30Jimmy Carter DemocraticNovember 2, 1976January 20, 1977
31Ronald Reagan RepublicanNovember 4, 1980January 20, 1981
32George H. W. Bush RepublicanNovember 8, 1988January 20, 1989
33Bill Clinton DemocraticNovember 3, 1992January 20, 1993
34George W. Bush RepublicanDecember 13, 2000[6]January 20, 2001
35Barack Obama DemocraticNovember 4, 2008January 20, 2009
36Donald Trump RepublicanNovember 8, 2016January 20, 2017
37Joe Biden DemocraticNovember 7, 2020January 20, 2021

References
  1. "Journal of the First Session of the Senate of The United States of America, Begun and Held at the City of New York, March 4, 1789, And In The Thirteenth Year of the Independence of the Said States". Senate Journal. Gales & Seaton. 1820. pp. 7–8.
  2. "Presidential Transition Act of 1963 (Public Law 88-277)". General Services Administration. Archived from the original on 2015-10-22. Retrieved 2016-05-17.
  3. "Lame Duck Definition". Dictionary.com. Retrieved 2009-05-20.
  4. Date the House and Senate met in joint session to count the electoral votes, and declared Washington elected president
  5. Date of election by House of Representatives
  6. The election date was November 7, 2000. On December 13, 2000, Al Gore conceded following the U.S. Supreme Court's halting of recount efforts in Florida (See: Ian Christopher McCaleb (December 13, 2000). "Bush, now president-elect, signals will to bridge partisan gaps". CNN.com. Archived from the original on 2009-06-04. Retrieved 2009-02-10.).
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