Upwelling

Upwelling is a rise of water from deep cold water towards the ocean surface.

Process of upwelling

Upwelling occurs in the open ocean and along coastlines. The reverse process, called “downwelling,” also occurs when wind causes surface water to build up along a coastline and the surface water eventually sinks toward the bottom.[1]

References
  1. "What is upwelling?". NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research. Retrieved 5 August 2021.
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