Spanish transition to democracy
The Spanish transition to democracy, known in Spain as la Transición (IPA: [la tɾansiˈθjon]; "the Transition") or la Transición española ("the Spanish Transition"), is a period of modern Spanish history that moved from the Francoist dictatorship to a parliamentary system, under Juan Carlos I.
Kingdom of Spain Reino de España | |||||||||||
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1975–1982 | |||||||||||
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(1977–1981) ![]() Coat of arms
(1977–1981) | |||||||||||
Motto: Una, Grande y Libre ("One, Great and Free") Plus Ultra ("Further Beyond") | |||||||||||
Anthem: Marcha Real ("Royal March") | |||||||||||
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Capital and largest city | Madrid | ||||||||||
Official languages | Spanish After 1978: Catalan, Basque, Galician | ||||||||||
Religion | Roman Catholicism (state religion until 1978) | ||||||||||
Government | Unitary absolute monarchy (1975-1978) Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy (after 1978) | ||||||||||
King | |||||||||||
• 1975–1982 | Juan Carlos I | ||||||||||
Prime Minister | |||||||||||
• 1975–1976 | Carlos Arias Navarro | ||||||||||
• 1976–1981 | Adolfo Suárez | ||||||||||
• 1981–1982 | Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo | ||||||||||
Legislature | Cortes Españolas (until 1977) Cortes Generales (from 1977) | ||||||||||
Senate | |||||||||||
Congress of Deputies | |||||||||||
Historical era | Cold War | ||||||||||
• Death of Franco | 20 November 1975 | ||||||||||
• Political Reform Act | 18 November 1976 | ||||||||||
• 1977 Election | 15 June 1977 | ||||||||||
• Amnesty Law | 15 October 1977 | ||||||||||
29 December 1978 | |||||||||||
• 1979 Election | 1 March 1979 | ||||||||||
• Attempted coup d'état | 23 February 1981 | ||||||||||
• 1982 Election | 28 October 1982 | ||||||||||
Currency | Spanish peseta | ||||||||||
Calling code | +34 | ||||||||||
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