Sopilka

Sopilka (Ukrainian: Cопiлка) is the name of a type of woodwind instruments from the flute family used in Ukrainian folk music.[1]

Sopilka
Sopilka Prima
Woodwind instrument
Classification Woodwind
Hornbostel–Sachs classification421.111-12
Related instruments
  • Floyara
  • Frilka
  • Zubivka

A sopilka is traditionally made of elderberry wood, but it can also be made of different materials, such as maple, walnut, beech or even plastic.[2] In the past it had from six to eight holes, but it usually has ten since 1970.[1] Sopilka exists in many ranges, such as the prima or soprano (high pitched). The sound system is diatonic.[2]

History

Sopilka is one of the oldest music instruments: the oldest sopilka found is made of mammoth-bone and is from the Paleolithic age.[1] It is also present in many 11th century's stories and paintings, like a fresco in Saint Sophia Cathedral, Kyiv.[1] At first, it was a folk instrument, played by shepherds or by trios (called ktroisti myzyky)[1] and sometimes played during weddings.[2] It is also present in the play The Forest Song by Lesya Ukrainka.[2]

Sopilka became an academic instrument in the second half of 20th century.[2]

Modern times

In modern times, sopilka is still used by many Ukrainian musicians. For example: singer Ruslana, folk rock bands Kobza and Haydamaky, speed-folk group Kubasonics,[3] folktronica bands Onuka and Kazka,[2] and flautist Ihor Didenchuk from the folktronica groups Go_A and Kalush.[4]

  • A sopilka "Dvodentsivka" from 19th century
    A sopilka "Dvodentsivka" from 19th century
  • Shepherd from Polissia playing a sopilka "Dudka-vykrutka"
    Shepherd from Polissia playing a sopilka "Dudka-vykrutka"
  • A coin where a character from The Forest Song plays the sopilka
    A coin where a character from The Forest Song plays the sopilka

References
  1. "Sopilka". Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Vol. 4. 1993. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  2. "Sopilka | Center for Russian, East European, & Eurasian Studies". University of Kansas. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  3. Lander, Nicholas S. (1996–2024). "Recorder Home Page: Sopilka". Recorder Home Page. Retrieved 26 March 2024.
  4. "2020 participants: Go_A". Eurovision.tv. Retrieved 26 March 2024.

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