Romanticism

Romanticism (or Romantic movement) is a movement, or style of art, literature and music in the late 18th and early 19th century in Europe.

Caspar David Friedrich, Wanderer above the Sea of Fog, 38.58 × 29.13 inches, 1818, Oil on canvas, Kunsthalle Hamburg

The movement said that feelings, imagination, nature, human life, freedom of expression, individualism and old folk traditions, such as legends and fairy tales, were important.[1] It was a reaction to the aristocratic social and political ideas of the Age of Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution.[1][2]

It was also a reaction against turning nature into a mere science.[2]

The movement showed most strongly in arts like music, and literature. However, it also had an important influence on historiography,[3] education,[4] and natural history.[5]

Examples

United Kingdom

Romanticism in Britain was notable as the country was an early adopter of industrialization and science, and included such figures as:

Germany

During the same period as Britain, there was a notable romantistic movement in Germany. Important motifs in German Romanticism are traveling, nature, and Germanic myths. Involved were such figures as:

References
  1. "Romanticism -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia". britannica.com. Retrieved 14 April 2010.
  2. Casey, Christopher (2008). "Grecian grandeurs and the rude wasting of old time: Britain, the Elgin Marbles, and post-revolutionary Hellenism". Foundations. Volume III, Number 1. Archived from the original on 2009-05-13. Retrieved 2009-06-25.
  3. David Levin, History as Romantic Art: Bancroft, Prescott, and Parkman (1967)
  4. Gerald Lee Gutek, A history of the Western educational experience (1987) ch. 12 on Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi
  5. Ashton Nichols, "Roaring Alligators and Burning Tygers: Poetry and Science from William Bartram to Charles Darwin," Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 2005 149(3): 304-315

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