Primary cell

A primary cell is a battery that is made to be used one time only. It cannot be recharged. Once all the power is used up, the battery must be thrown away. It no longer makes electricity. Primary cells are often used to give power to small appliances that are used in the home.[1][2][3][4]

The advantages about this kind of disposable battery include:

  • being cheaper (costs less money)
  • being easier to make
  • lasting longer before being used (shelf life)
  • high availability

The disadvantages about this kind of disposable battery are that:

  • it is highly toxic and
  • it releases too much waste when thrown away.

Examples

Historic primary cells

The following primary cells are only of historical interest. The dry cell is now almost universal.

NamePositive plateNegative plateElectrolyteDepolarizerVoltageLink
Bunsen cellCarbonZincSulphuric acidNitric acid1.9
Daniell cellCopperZincSulphuric acidCopper sulphate1.1
Grove cellPlatinumZincSulphuric acidNitric acid1.9
Poggendorff cellCarbonZincSulphuric acidChromic acid2.0

References
  1. Hill, Marquita K. (2004). Understanding Environmental Pollution: A Primer. Cambridge University Press. pp. 274. ISBN 0521527260. battery energy 50 times environment pollution.
  2. Watts, John (2006). Gcse Edexcel Science. Letts and Lonsdale. p. 63. ISBN 1905129637.
  3. Wastebusters (2013). The Green Office Manual: A Guide to Responsible Practice. Routledge. p. 96. ISBN 978-1134197989.
  4. Danaher, Kevin; Biggs, Shannon; Mark, Jason (2016). Building the Green Economy: Success Stories from the Grassroots. Routledge. p. 199. ISBN 978-1317262923.
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