President of El Salvador
The President of El Salvador (Spanish: Presidente de El Salvador) officially known as the President of the Republic of El Salvador (Spanish: Presidente de la República de El Salvador) is the head of state of El Salvador. The office was created in the Constitution of 1841. From 1821 until 1841, the head of state of El Salvador was styled simply as Head of State (Jefe de Estado).
| President of the Republic of El Salvador Presidente de la República de El Salvador | |
|---|---|
 Presidential Seal | |
| Residence | Casa Presidencial, San Salvador |
| Term length | Five years, not eligible for re-election immediately |
| Inaugural holder | Juan Lindo |
| Formation | 22 February 1841 |
| Deputy | Vice President of El Salvador |
| Website | President of El Salvador |
Heads of State of El Salvador within the Federal Republic of Central America (1821–1841)
Intendants Political Leaders of the Province of San Salvador.
| Independent (5) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Name (Birth–Death) | Portrait | Term of Office | Political Affiliation | |
| 1 | Pedro Barriere (?–1827) |  | 21 September 1821 | 28 November 1821 | Independent |
| 2 | José Matías Delgado (1767–1832) |  | 28 November 1821 | 9 February 1823 | Independent |
| 3 | Vicente Filísola (1789–1850) |  | 9 February 1823 | 7 May 1823 | Independent |
| 4 | Felipe Codallos (1790–?) |  | 7 May 1823 | 25 May 1823 | Independent |
| — |
Advisory Junta | | 25 May 1823 | 17 June 1823 | Advisory Junta |
| 5 | Mariano Padro (1776–1837) | | 17 June 1823 | 22 April 1824 | Independent |
| Head of State of El Salvador | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Independent (14)
Conservative (5) Liberal (9) | |||||
| No. | Name (Birth–Death) | Portrait | Term of Office | Political Affiliation | |
| 1 | Juan Manuel Rodríguez (1771–1847) |
22 April 1824 | 1 October 1824 | Independent | |
| — | Mariano Prado (1776–1837) Acting Head of State |
1 October 1824 | 13 December 1824 | Liberal | |
| 2 | Juan Vicente Villacorta Díaz (1764–1828) |
|
13 December 1824 | 1 November 1826 | Liberal |
| — | Mariano Prado (1776–1837) Acting Head of State |
1 November 1826 | 30 January 1829 | Liberal | |
| 3 | José María Cornejo (1788–1864) |
|
30 January 1829 | 16 February 1830 | Conservative |
| 4 | José Damián Villacorta (1796–1860) |
|
16 February 1830 | 4 December 1830 | Independent |
| 5 | José María Cornejo (1788–1864) |
|
4 December 1830 | 3 April 1832 | Conservative |
| — | Francisco Morazán (1792–1842) Provisional Head of State |
 |
3 April 1832 | 13 May 1832 | Liberal |
| — | Joaquín de San Martín (1770–1854) Acting Head of State |
13 May 1832 | 25 July 1832 | Conservative | |
| 6 | Mariano Prado (1776–1837) |
25 July 1832 | 1 July 1833 | Liberal | |
| 7 | Joaquín de San Martín (1770–1854) |
1 July 1833 | 23 July 1834 | Conservative | |
| — | Carlos Salazar Castro (1800–1867) Provisional Head of State |
23 June 1834 | 13 July 1834 | Independent | |
| — | José Gregorio Salazar (1773–1838) Provisional Head of State |
|
13 July 1834 | 30 September 1834 | Independent |
| 8 | Joaquín Escolán y Balibrera (?–?) |
|
30 September 1834 | 13 October 1834 | Independent |
| — | José María Silva (1804–1876) Acting Head of State |
|
13 October 1834 | 2 March 1835 | Independent |
| 9 | Joaquín Escolán y Balibrera (?–?) |
|
2 March 1835 | 10 April 1835 | Independent |
| 10 | Nicolás Espinoza (1795–1845) |
 |
10 April 1835 | 15 November 1835 | Liberal |
| — | Francisco Gómez (1796–1838) Acting Head of State |
 |
15 November 1835 | 1 February 1836 | Independent |
| 11 | Diego Vigil Cocaña (1799–1845) |
 |
1 February 1836 | 23 May 1837 | Liberal |
| 12 | Timoteo Menéndez (?–?) |
|
23 May 1837 | 7 June 1837 | Independent |
| 13 | Diego Vigil Cocaña (1799–1845) |
|
7 June 1837 | 6 January 1838 | Liberal |
| 14 | Timoteo Menéndez (?–?) |
|
6 January 1838 | 23 May 1838 | Independent |
| — | Antonio José Cañas (1785–1844) Acting Head of State |
 |
23 May 1838 | 11 July 1839 | Independent |
| 15 | Francisco Morazán (1792–1842) |
|
11 July 1839 | 16 February 1840 | Liberal |
| — | José María Silva (1804–1876) Acting Head of State |
|
16 February 1840 | 5 April 1840 | Independent |
| — | Antonio José Cañas (1785–1844) Provisional Head of State |
|
5 April 1840 | 20 September 1840 | Independent |
| — | Norberto Ramírez (1802–1856) Provisional Head of State |
|
20 September 1840 | 7 January 1841 | Independent |
| — | Juan Lindo (1790–1857) Provisional Head of State |  | 7 January 1841 | 22 February 1841 | Conservative |
| 16 | Juan Lindo (1790–1857) Head of State | 22 February 1841 | 22 February 1841 | Independent | |
Presidents of the Independent Republic of El Salvador (1841–present)
| Independent (17)
Conservative (13) Liberal (14) NDP (4) Labor (1) PPP (2) Military (16) USDP (1) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DPNU (2)
NCP (4) DAP (1) CDP (1) ARENA (4) FMLN (2) GANA (1) | |||||
| No. | Name (Birth–Death) | Portrait | Term of Office | Political Affiliation | |
| 1 | Juan Lindo (1790–1857) | | 22 February 1841 | 20 June 1841 | Conservative |
| 2 | Pedro José Acre (1801–1871) | | 20 June 1841 | 28 June 1841 | Independent |
| 1 | Juan Lindo (1790–1857) | | 28 June 1841 | 1 February 1842 | Conservative |
| 3 | José Escolástico Marín (?–1846) |  | 1 February 1842 | 14 April 1842 | Independent |
| 4 | Juan José Guzmán (1800–1847) |  | 14 April 1842 | 1 February 1844 | Conservative |
| 5 | Fermín Palacios
(?-?) |
 | 1 February 1844 | 7 February 1844 | Independent |
| 6 | Francisco Malespín (1806–1846) |  | 7 February 1844 | 15 February 1845 | Conservative |
| 7 | Joaquín Eufrasio Guzmán (1801–1875) | | 15 February 1845 | 1 February 1846 | Independent |
| 5 | Fermín Palacios
(?-?) |
| 1 February 1846 | 21 February 1846 | Independent |
| 8 | Eugenio Aguilar (1804–1879) |  | 21 February 1846 | 1 February 1848 | Liberal |
| 9 | Tomás Medina (1803–1884) |  | 1 February 1848 | 3 February 1848 | Independent |
| 10 | José Félix Quirós (1811–1883) | | 3 February 1848 | 7 February 1848 | Independent |
| 11 | Doroteo Vasconcelos (1803–1883) |  | 7 February 1848 | 1 February 1850 | Liberal |
| 12 | Ramón Rodríguez
(?-?) |
| 1 February 1850 | 4 February 1850 | Independent |
| 11 | Doroteo Vasconcelos (1803–1883) | | 4 February 1850 | 1 March 1851 | Liberal |
| 13 | José Félix Quirós (1811–1883) | | 1 March 1851 | 3 May 1851 | Independent |
| 14 | Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884) |  | 13 May 1851 | 30 January 1852 | Conservative |
| 15 | José María San Martín (1811–1857) |  | 30 January 1852 | 1 February 1852 | Conservative |
| 14 | Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884) | | 1 February 1852 | 1 February 1854 | Conservative |
| 16 | Vicente Gómez
(?-?) |
| 1 February 1854 | 15 February 1854 | Independent |
| 15 | José María San Martín (1811–1857) | | 15 February 1854 | 1 February 1856 | Conservative |
| 14 | Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884) | | 1 February 1856 | 12 February 1856 | Conservative |
| 17 | Rafael Campo (1813–1890) |  | 12 February 1856 | 1 February 1858 | Conservative |
| 18 | Lorenzo Zepeda
(?-?) |
| 1 February 1858 | 7 February 1858 | Independent |
| 19 | Miguel Santín del Castillo (1830–1880) |  | 7 February 1858 | 24 January 1859 | Conservative |
| 20 | Joaquín Eufrasio Guzmán (1801–1875) Acting President | | 24 January 1859 | 15 February 1859 | Independent |
| 21 | José María Peralta (1807–1883) | | 15 February 1859 | 12 March 1859 | Independent |
| 22 | Gerardo Barrios (1813–1865) |  | 12 March 1859 | 26 October 1863 | Liberal |
| 14 | Francisco Dueñas (1810–1884) | | 26 October 1863 | 15 April 1871 | Conservative |
| 23 | Santiago González (1818–1887) |  | 15 April 1871 | 1 February 1876 | Liberal |
| 24 | Andrés del Valle (1833–1888) |  | 1 February 1876 | 1 May 1876 | Liberal |
| 25 | Rafael Zaldívar (1834–1903) |  | 1 May 1876 | 6 April 1884 | Liberal |
| 26 | Ángel Guirola (1826–1910) |  | 6 April 1884 | 21 August 1884 | Independent |
| 25 | Rafael Zaldívar (1834–1903) | | 21 August 1884 | 14 May 1885 | Liberal |
| 27 | Fernando Figueroa (1849–1919) | .jpg.webp) | 14 May 1885 | 18 June 1885 | Military / Liberal |
| 28 | José Rosales (1827–1891) |  | 18 June 1885 | 22 June 1885 | Independent |
| 29 | Francisco Menéndez (1830–1890) |  | 22 June 1885 | 22 June 1890 | Military / Liberal |
| 30 | Carlos Ezeta (1852–1903) |  | 22 June 1890 | 9 June 1894 | Military / Liberal |
| 31 | Rafael Antonio Gutiérrez (1845–1921) |  | 10 June 1894 | 13 November 1898 | Military / Liberal |
| 32 | Tomás Regalado (1861–1906) |  | 14 November 1898 | 1 March 1903 | Military / Liberal |
| 33 | Pedro José Escalón (1847–1923) |  | 1 March 1903 | 1 March 1907 | Military / Conservative |
| 27 | Fernando Figueroa (1849–1919) | | 1 March 1907 | 1 March 1911 | Military / Liberal |
| 34 | Manuel Enrique Araujo (1865–1913) |  | 1 March 1911 | 8 February 1913 | Independent |
| 35 | Carlos Meléndez Ramirez (1861–1919) |  | 9 February 1913 | 29 August 1914 | National Democratic Party |
| 36 | Alfonso Quiñónez Molina (1874–1950) |  | 29 August 1914 | 1 March 1915 | National Democratic Party |
| 35 | Carlos Meléndez Ramirez (1861–1919) | | 1 March 1915 | 21 December 1918 | National Democratic Party |
| 36 | Alfonso Quiñónez Molina (1874–1950) Acting President | | 21 December 1918 | 1 March 1919 | National Democratic Party |
| 37 | Jorge Meléndez (1871–1953) |  | 1 March 1919 | 1 March 1923 | National Democratic Party |
| 36 | Alfonso Quiñónez Molina (1874–1950) | | 1 March 1923 | 1 March 1927 | National Democratic Party |
| 38 | Pío Romero Bosque (1860–1935) |  | 1 March 1927 | 1 March 1931 | National Democratic Party |
| 39 | Arturo Araujo (1878–1967) |  | 1 March 1931 | 2 December 1931 | Labor Party |
| 40 | National Guard Colonel Joaquín Valdés | 2 December 1931 | 2 December 1931 | military | |
| 41 | Colonel Juan Vicente Vidal | 2 December 1931 | 2 December 1931 | military | |
| 42 | First Infantry Regiment Captain Manuel Urbina. | 2 December 1931 | 2 December 1931 | military | |
| 43 | Captain Visitation Antonio Pacheco | 2 December 1931 | 2 December 1931 | military | |
| 43 | Lieutenant Joaquín Castro Canizales | 2 December 1931 | 2 December 1931 | military | |
| 44 | Artillery Regiment Lieutenant Carlos Rodríguez | 3 December 1931 | 3 December 1931 | military | |
| 45 | Sub Lieutenant Julio Cañas | 3 December 1931 | 3 December 1931 | military | |
| 46 | First Machine Gun Regiment Second Lieutenant José Alonso Huezo | 3 December 1931 | 3 December 1931 | military | |
| 47 | Second Lieutenant Miguel Hernández Saldaña | 3 December 1931 | 3 December 1931 | military | |
| 48 | Cavalry Regiment Second Lieutenant Héctor Montalvo. | 3 December 1931 | 3 December 1931 | military | |
| 49 | Military Aviation Second Lieutenant Juan Ramón Munés | 4 December 1931 | 4 December 1931 | military | |
| 50 | Ministry of War Coronel Osmín Aguirre y Salinas | 4 December 1931 | 4 December 1931 | military | |
| military
|
2 December 1931 | 4 December 1931 | The Civic Directory governed El Salvador from 2 to 4 December 1931 . Composed entirely of military, the civic directory began the era of military dictatorships. The civic directory ended its government when the Presidency of the Republic was handed over to Vice President Maximiliano Hernández Martínez , who would later perpetrate a massacre in 1932. The civic directory was formed by (according to the military organization to which they belonged) | ||
| 51 | Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (1882–1966) |  | 4 December 1931 | 28 August 1934 | Military / National Pro Patria Party |
| 52 | Andrés Ignacio Menéndez (1879–1962) Provisional President |  | 29 August 1934 | 1 March 1935 | Military / National Pro Patria Party |
| 51 | Maximiliano Hernández Martínez (1882–1966) | | 1 March 1935 | 9 May 1944 | Military / National Pro Patria Party |
| 52 | Andrés Ignacio Menéndez (1879–1962) Provisional President | | 9 May 1944 | 20 October 1944 | Military / National Pro Patria Party |
| 50 | Osmín Aguirre y Salinas (1889–1977) Provisional President |  | 21 October 1944 | 1 March 1945 | Military |
| 53 | Salvador Castaneda Castro (1888–1965) |  | 1 March 1945 | 14 December 1948 | Military / Unification Social Democratic Party |
| 54 | Manuel de Jesús Córdova (b. 1911 .d. 1999) | 14 December 1948 | 15 December 1948 | Revolutionary Council of Government | |
| 55 | Óscar A. Bolaños (b. 1912 d. 2011) | 15 December 1948 | 15 December 1948 | Revolutionary Council of Government | |
| 56 | Óscar Osorio (b. 1910 - d. 1969) | 15 December 1948 | 15 December 1949 | Revolutionary Council of Government | |
| 57 | Reynaldo Galindo Pohl (b. 1918 - d. 2012) | 15 December 1949 | 15 December 1949 | Revolutionary Council of Government | |
| 58 | Humberto Costa (b. 1906 - d.2017) | | 15 December 1949 | 14 September 1950 | Revolutionary Council of Government |
| 56 | Óscar Osorio (1910–1969) |  | 14 September 1950 | 14 September 1956 | Military / Revolutionary Party of Democratic Unification |
| 59 | José María Lemus (1911–1993) | 14 September 1956 | 26 October 1960 | Military / Revolutionary Party of Democratic Unification | |
| 60 | Miguel Ángel Castillo (b. 1915 - d. 1999) | 26 October 1960 | 26 October 1960 | Revolutionary Council of Governmen | |
| 61 | Fabio Castillo Figueroa (b. 1921 - d. 2012) | 26 October 1960 | 26 October 1960 | Revolutionary Council of Governmen | |
| 62 | Ricardo Falla Cáceres (b. 1921) | 26 October 1960 | 26 October 1960 | Revolutionary Council of Governmen | |
| 63 | René Fortín Magaña (b. 1931) | 26 October 1960 | 26 October 1960 | Revolutionary Council of Governmen | |
| 64 | Rubén Alonso Rosales (b. 1925) | 26 October 1960 | 2 January 1961 | Revolutionary Council of Governmen | |
| 65 | Cnel César Yanes Uriah | 2 January 1961 | 25 January 1961 | Revolutionary Council of Governmen | |
| 66 | Aníbal Portillo (whole time) | 25 January 1961 | 25 January 1961 | Revolutionary Council of Governmen | |
| 67 | Feliciano Avelar (whole time) | 25 January 1961 | 25 January 1961 | Revolutionary Council of Governmen | |
| 68 | José Antonio Rodríguez Porth | 25 January 1961 | 6 April 1961 | Junta of Government | |
| 69 | Mariano Castro Morán | 6 April 1961 | 6 April 1961 | Junta of Government | |
| 70 | José Francisco Valiente | 6 April 1961 | 11 September 1961 | Junta of Government | |
| 71 | Julio Adalberto Rivera Carballo | | 26 October 1960 | 25 January 1961 | Junta of Government |
| 72 | Civic-Military Directory | | 25 January 1961 | 25 January 1962 | Civic-Military Directory |
| 73 | Eusebio Rodolfo Cordón Cea (1899–1966) | 25 January 1962 | 1 July 1962 | Independent | |
| 71 | Julio Adalberto Rivera Carballo (1921–1973) | 1 July 1962 | 1 July 1967 | Military / National Coalition Party | |
| 74 | Fidel Sánchez Hernández (1917–2003) | | 1 July 1967 | 1 July 1972 | Military / National Coalition Party |
| 75 | Arturo Armando Molina (1927-2021) | 1 July 1972 | 1 July 1977 | Military / National Coalition Party | |
| 58 | Carlos Humberto Romero (1924–2017) | 1 July 1977 | 15 October 1979 | Military / National Coalition Party | |
| 76 | Adolfo Arnoldo Majano Ramos (b. 1938) | 15 October 1979 | 15 October 1979 | Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador | |
| 77 | Jaime Abdul Gutiérrez Avendaño (b. 1936 - d. 2012) | 15 October 1979 | 15 October 1979 | Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador | |
| 78 | Román Mayorga Quirós | 15 October 1979 | 15 October 1979 | Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador | |
| 79 | Guillermo Ungo (b. 1931 - d. 1991) | 15 October 1979 | 5 January 1980 | Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador | |
| 80 | Marco Antonio Andino (b. 1936 - d. 2014) | 5 January 1980 | 31 January 1980 | Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador | |
| 81 | José Antonio Morales Ehrlich (b. 1935) | 31 January 1980 | 30 January 1980 | Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador | |
| 82 | José Ramón Ávalos Navarrete (b. 1938) | 30 January 1980 | 30 January 1980 | Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador | |
| 83 | Héctor Miguel Antonio Dada Hirezi (b. 1938 d. 2012) | 30 January 1980 | 2 May 1980 | Revolutionary Government Junta of El Salvador | |
| 84 | Revolutionary Government Junta | | 15 October 1979 | 2 May 1982 | Revolutionary Government Junta |
| 85 | José Napoleón Duarte (b. 1925 - d. 1990) | 2 May 1980 | 2 May 1982 | Democratic Action Party | |
| 86 | Álvaro Magaña (1925–2001) | 2 May 1982 | 1 June 1984 | Democratic Action Party | |
| 85 | José Napoleón Duarte (1925–1990) |  | 1 June 1984 | 1 June 1989 | Christian Democratic Party |
| 87 | Alfredo Cristiani (born 1947) |  | 1 June 1989 | 1 June 1994 | Nationalist Republican Alliance |
| 89 | Armando Calderón Sol (1948–2017) | | 1 June 1994 | 1 June 1999 | Nationalist Republican Alliance |
| 90 | Francisco Flores Pérez (1959–2016) |  | 1 June 1999 | 1 June 2004 | Nationalist Republican Alliance |
| 91 | Antonio Saca (born 1965) |  | 1 June 2004 | 1 June 2009 | Nationalist Republican Alliance |
| 92 | Mauricio Funes (born 1959) | .jpg.webp) | 1 June 2009 | 1 June 2014 | Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front |
| 93 | Salvador Sánchez Cerén (born 1944) |  | 1 June 2014 | 1 June 2019 | Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front |
| 94 | Nayib Bukele (born 1981) | .jpg.webp) | 1 June 2019 | Incumbent | Grand Alliance for National Unity |
| — | Claudia Rodríguez de Guevara (born 1980) |  | 1 December 2023 | 1 June 2024 | Independent |
Latest election
| Candidate | Party | First round | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | % | ||||
| Nayib Bukele | Grand Alliance for National Unity (GANA) | 1,434,856 | 53.10 | ||
| Carlos Calleja | Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA) | 857,084 | 31.72 | ||
| Hugo Martínez | Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN) | 389,289 | 14.41 | ||
| Josué Alvarado | VAMOS | 20,763 | 0.77 | ||
| Invalid/blank votes | 31,186 | – | |||
| Total | 2,733,178 | 100 | |||
| Registered voters/turnout | 5,268,411 | 51.88 | |||
| Source: TSE,[1][2] | |||||
Living former presidents
Alfredo Cristiani
1989–1994Antonio Saca
2004–2009Mauricio Funes
2009–2014Salvador Sánchez Cerén
2014–2019
Intendant and Superior Political Chief 21 Sep 1821 – 28 November 1821 Pedro Barriere (b. ... - d. 1827) Intendant and Governor (from 11 January 1822, President of the Junta of Government) 28 Nov 1821 - 9 February 1823 José Matías Delgado (b. 1767 - d. 1832) Supreme Political Chief Chief of State 22 Apr 1824 - 1 October 1824
The Civic Directory governed El Salvador from 2 to 4 December 1931 . Composed entirely of military, the civic directory began the era of military dictatorships. The civic directory ended its government when the Presidency of the Republic was handed over to Vice President Maximiliano Hernández Martínez , who would later perpetrate a massacre in 1932. The civic directory was formed by (according to the military organization to which they belonged):
National Guard :
- Colonel Joaquín Valdés.
- Colonel Juan Vicente Vidal
First Infantry Regiment :
- Captain Manuel Urbina.
- Captain Visitation Antonio Pacheco
- Lieutenant Joaquín Castro Canizales
First Artillery Regiment :
- Lieutenant Carlos Rodríguez
- Sub Lieutenant Julio Cañas
First Machine Gun Regiment :
- Second Lieutenant José Alonso Huezo
- Second Lieutenant Miguel Hernández Saldaña
Cavalry Regiment :
- Second Lieutenant Héctor Montalvo.
Ministry of War :
- Coronel Osmín Aguirre and Salinas
Military Aviation :
- Second Lieutenant Juan Ramón Munés
Related pages
References
Other websites
- "El Presidencia de El Salvador". Archived from the original on 15 April 2015. (in Spanish)
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